Linette Kleyn Evolution part 1 1 of 3
8 - 4.4 mya Hominid family first appears
Hominins separated from ape lineage 6 mya
4.4 mya Ardipithecus ramidus in Ethiopia
bipedal and small brain
Australopithecus (species unknown) 4 mya
e.g. little foot in Cradle of Human Kind
Australopithecus afarensis
3-4 mya
e.g. Lucy, Ethiopia; bipedal, ape-like upper half
Australopithecus africanus
e.g. Taung Child (SA), Mrs Ples (SA COH)
bipedal, human jaw and dentition, small cranial capacity 3-2.2 mya
Homo habilis (handy man)
2.3-1.7 mya SA COH and Great Rift Valey - Tanzania
bipedal, larger brain, higher skull, flatter face, rounded jaw
Australopithecus sediba bone, made primitive tools, sharp-edged cutting stones
SA COH
2-1.9 mya
similarities to Austalopithecus and Homo species
Homo erectus
1.8-0.5 mya fossils in Africa, Europe and Asia
larger species with larger brain, skull still had a heavy brow
migrated out of Africa
Homo neanderthalensis
in Europe and middle East
200 000-27 000 ya
broad muscular bodies, large brain, complex culture, became extinct
Homo sapiens fossils:
200 000-present day Archaic Homo sap. + cro-magnon worldwide, oldest fossils in Africa;
large brain, high dome-shaped expanded skull(large frontal lobe
region-intelligence + speech) flattened face(small nose-less
dependence on smell) smaller + similar teeth-mixed diet that might
have allowed for greater brain development etc.
8 - 4.4 mya Hominid family first appears
Hominins separated from ape lineage 6 mya
4.4 mya Ardipithecus ramidus in Ethiopia
bipedal and small brain
Australopithecus (species unknown) 4 mya
e.g. little foot in Cradle of Human Kind
Australopithecus afarensis
3-4 mya
e.g. Lucy, Ethiopia; bipedal, ape-like upper half
Australopithecus africanus
e.g. Taung Child (SA), Mrs Ples (SA COH)
bipedal, human jaw and dentition, small cranial capacity 3-2.2 mya
Homo habilis (handy man)
2.3-1.7 mya SA COH and Great Rift Valey - Tanzania
bipedal, larger brain, higher skull, flatter face, rounded jaw
Australopithecus sediba bone, made primitive tools, sharp-edged cutting stones
SA COH
2-1.9 mya
similarities to Austalopithecus and Homo species
Homo erectus
1.8-0.5 mya fossils in Africa, Europe and Asia
larger species with larger brain, skull still had a heavy brow
migrated out of Africa
Homo neanderthalensis
in Europe and middle East
200 000-27 000 ya
broad muscular bodies, large brain, complex culture, became extinct
Homo sapiens fossils:
200 000-present day Archaic Homo sap. + cro-magnon worldwide, oldest fossils in Africa;
large brain, high dome-shaped expanded skull(large frontal lobe
region-intelligence + speech) flattened face(small nose-less
dependence on smell) smaller + similar teeth-mixed diet that might
have allowed for greater brain development etc.
