EFM exam Questions And Answers

Hypoxemia - Answer- Decreased oxygen in blood Hypoxia - Answer- Not enough oxygen to supply organs Normal fetal PO2 - Answer- 15-25 mmhm What factors can change the maternal HR? - Answer- Intrinsic pacemakers (SA & AV node) Cardiac conduction system Autonomic regulation... Sympathetic, parasympathetic Humoral factors (catecholamines) Extrinsic factors (medications) Local factors (Ca, K) What are the 3 most common causes of decrease cardiac output in the OB patient? - Answer- Reduced preload (HypoTN) from -hypovolemia -compression of inferior vena cava -anesthesia In what area of the placenta does exchange of gases, nutrients, waste, hormones, antibodies & medications occur? - Answer- Maternal blood in the intervillous space and fetal blood in the villous capillaries These are separated by the blood-blood barrier Oxygen, CO2, NaCl, lipids, vitamins and some drugs are exchanged by... - Answer- Simple diffusion Glucose & carbohydrates are exchanged by... - Answer- Facilitated diffusion Amino acids, water-soluble vitamins & large ions are transported by... - Answer- Active transport What conditions decrease the volume of the blood in the intervillous space? - Answer- Abruption Infarction Thrombosis Infection ...These can also decrease the surface area of the chorionic villous thus decreasing O2 absorption (less surface area = less absorption) Diffusion across the blood-blood barrier is inversely proportional to _ - Answer- Distance. Greate