CHAPTER 4 : Cell Organelles
Present in…
ORGANELLE DESCRIPTION FUNCTION(S) (plants,
animals and/or
bacteria)
Acts as a protective Acts as a protective barrier, and provides the Plants and
barrier controlled entry and exit of ions. animals
CELL MEMBRANE
Spherical, spiral, and Maintains the overall shape of the cell. Plants
rod-shaped
CELL WALL
Appears as a “soup” Full of proteins that control the cell metabolism. Plants and
where organelles reside. animals
CYTOSOL
Holds DNA and RNA Holds and maintains the DNA and RNA and is not Bacteria, plants
bounded by a membrane. and animals.
NUCLEUS/NUCLEOLUS
The genetic makeup of Provides the genetic makeup of the cell. Plants and
CHROMATIN/ the cell animals
CHROMOSOMES
Crucial to the Essential in protein synthesis, and in bacteria the Plants, animals,
RIBOSOMES (BOUND & production of RNA and RNA is read. and bacteria
FREE) adding of amino acids.
ENDOPLASMIC Appears smooth Crucial to steroid synthesis and the synthesis of Plants and
RETICULUM proteins, as well as the transport of proteins animals
SMOOTH ER Appears pebbled. throughout the cell.
ROUGH ER
Comprised of a single Essential for the packaging of macromolecules for Plants and
membrane transport throughout the cell. animals
GOLGI APPARATUS
Hormones and They are packaged in the Golgi apparatus, and are Plants and
SECRETORY OR neurotransmitters transported to the cell surface to be released. animals
TRANSPORT VESICLES
Located in the vacuole Contains hydrolytic enzymes necessary for Plants and
to kill and digest intercellular digestion animals
LYSOSOMES bacteria
Present in…
ORGANELLE DESCRIPTION FUNCTION(S) (plants,
animals and/or
bacteria)
Acts as a protective Acts as a protective barrier, and provides the Plants and
barrier controlled entry and exit of ions. animals
CELL MEMBRANE
Spherical, spiral, and Maintains the overall shape of the cell. Plants
rod-shaped
CELL WALL
Appears as a “soup” Full of proteins that control the cell metabolism. Plants and
where organelles reside. animals
CYTOSOL
Holds DNA and RNA Holds and maintains the DNA and RNA and is not Bacteria, plants
bounded by a membrane. and animals.
NUCLEUS/NUCLEOLUS
The genetic makeup of Provides the genetic makeup of the cell. Plants and
CHROMATIN/ the cell animals
CHROMOSOMES
Crucial to the Essential in protein synthesis, and in bacteria the Plants, animals,
RIBOSOMES (BOUND & production of RNA and RNA is read. and bacteria
FREE) adding of amino acids.
ENDOPLASMIC Appears smooth Crucial to steroid synthesis and the synthesis of Plants and
RETICULUM proteins, as well as the transport of proteins animals
SMOOTH ER Appears pebbled. throughout the cell.
ROUGH ER
Comprised of a single Essential for the packaging of macromolecules for Plants and
membrane transport throughout the cell. animals
GOLGI APPARATUS
Hormones and They are packaged in the Golgi apparatus, and are Plants and
SECRETORY OR neurotransmitters transported to the cell surface to be released. animals
TRANSPORT VESICLES
Located in the vacuole Contains hydrolytic enzymes necessary for Plants and
to kill and digest intercellular digestion animals
LYSOSOMES bacteria
