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Samenvatting Neuromusculaire aandoeningen

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Cursus neuromuscular diseases vertaald in het Nederlands

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Neurokinesitherapie 2:
Titularis: Prof. Dr. Wim Saeys
Docente: Quirine Schatteman




3e Bachelor Revalidatiewetenschappen en Kinesitherapie
Faculteit Geneeskunde en Gezondheidswetenschappen
Universiteit Antwerpen

, NEUROMUSCULAIRE/NEURODEGENERATIEVE/PERIFERE NEUROLOGISCHE
AANDOENINGEN
Academiejaar 2022-2023



INHOUD: Neuromusculaire ziekten
A. Amyotrofische laterale sclerose [5-10].........................................................................5

1. Algemene inleiding................................................................................................................5

2. Incidentie en etiologie...........................................................................................................6

3. Diagnose en klinische presentatie..........................................................................................7

a. Motorische tekorten...............................................................................................................7

b. Cognitieve en gedragsveranderingen.....................................................................................8

c. Symptomen en tekenen..........................................................................................................8

4. Beheer van ALS......................................................................................................................9

a. Spasticiteit..............................................................................................................................9

b. Pijn..........................................................................................................................................9

c. Spierkrampen.......................................................................................................................10

d. Dysfagie en dysartrie............................................................................................................10

e. Respiratoire insufficiëntie.....................................................................................................11

f. Depressie..............................................................................................................................11

g. Vallen....................................................................................................................................11

h. Oefentherapie [11]...............................................................................................................11

i. Over het algemeen...............................................................................................................12

5. Conclusie [5, 6].....................................................................................................................14

B. De ziekte van Charcot-Marie-Tooth en aanverwante neuropathieën [12-14]..............15

1. Zaak.....................................................................................................................................15

2. Inleiding...............................................................................................................................15

a. Oorzaak, diagnostiek en classificatie [16].............................................................................15

b. Genetica van CMT.................................................................................................................16

3. Klinische presentatie............................................................................................................16

a. Patronen van klinische presentatie......................................................................................16


2

, NEUROMUSCULAIRE/NEURODEGENERATIEVE/PERIFERE NEUROLOGISCHE
AANDOENINGEN
Academiejaar 2022-2023

b. Natuurlijke historie...............................................................................................................17

4. Behandeling: multidisciplinaire aanpak...............................................................................18

a. Beheer van comorbiditeiten en complicaties.......................................................................18

b. Therapeutica.........................................................................................................................20

c. Revalidatie............................................................................................................................21

d. Chirurgische ingrepen...........................................................................................................23

5. Conclusie: de noodzaak van multidisciplinaire zorg.............................................................23

C. Guillain-Barré syndroom [15-18]................................................................................25

1. Inleiding...............................................................................................................................25

a. Achtergrondinformatie.........................................................................................................25

b. Pathofysiologie.....................................................................................................................25

2. Diagnostiek..........................................................................................................................26

a. Diagnostische tests...............................................................................................................27

3. Beheer van het Guillain-Barré-syndroom.............................................................................27

a. Immunotherapie...................................................................................................................28

b. Fysiotherapie........................................................................................................................28

4. Fysiotherapie.......................................................................................................................28

a. Geschiedenis.............................................................................................................................28

b. Klinisch/fysisch onderzoek........................................................................................................29

c. Behandeling..............................................................................................................................29

5. Prognose..............................................................................................................................30

6. Conclusie..............................................................................................................................31

D. Kritieke ziekte polyneuropathie [19-27].....................................................................31

1. Inleiding..................................................................................................................................31

a. Incidentie en etiologie [20,21]..............................................................................................31

b. Pathofysiologie [22]..............................................................................................................31

2. Diagnostiek [22,23].................................................................................................................32

3

, NEUROMUSCULAIRE/NEURODEGENERATIEVE/PERIFERE NEUROLOGISCHE
AANDOENINGEN
Academiejaar 2022-2023

3. Beheer [24,27].........................................................................................................................32

4. Fysiotherapie...........................................................................................................................33

a. Criteria voor beginnende fysiotherapie....................................................................................33

b. Meetbenaderingen...................................................................................................................33

c. Fysieke interventiestrategieën..................................................................................................34

d. Behandeling..............................................................................................................................34

7. Prognose [24,27,28].............................................................................................................35

8. Conclusie[24].......................................................................................................................35

E. Door lachgas veroorzaakte demyelinisatie (NOID) [31-34]..........................................36

1. Inleiding..................................................................................................................................36

a. Pathofysiologie [31]..............................................................................................................36

b. Klinische vertegenwoordiging...............................................................................................36

2. Diagnostiek [32]......................................................................................................................37

a. Diagnostische tests...................................................................................................................37

9. Beheer [33]..........................................................................................................................37

10. Fysiotherapie.......................................................................................................................38

11. Prognose..............................................................................................................................38

12. Conclusie.............................................................................................................................38

F. Referenties.................................................................................................................39




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