CAPA/CPAN EXAM 2023
General anesthesia- - Answer states of reversible unconsciousness where protective
reflexes are particle or completely lost, muscle relaxation, sedation, and amnesia
obtained
Moderate sedation anesthesia- - Answer relaxed, non paralyzed state of analgesia
Regional anesthesia- - Answer loss of body sensation to region
Factor in anesthesia selection- - Answer age, physical status, type of surgery, patient
wishes, site of surgery/body position
ASA physical status classification- - Answer the specific risk the patient has to
developing a complication after to the procedure.
ASA 1- - Answer normal healthy patient
ASA 2- - Answer patient with mild, systemic disease...
smoker, pregnancy, obesity, mild drinker
ASA 3- - Answer severe systemic disease...poorly controlled DM, HTN, COPD,
obesity, history MI, stents
-some disagreement between anesthesia providers
ASA 4- - Answer patient with incapacitating systemic disease. ESRD, severe cardiac
valve dysfunction, stents, sepsis
ASA 5- - Answer not expected stop survive without the operation
ASA 6- - Answer organ donor, patient passed as brain dead
"E" ASA status- - Answer emergency patient with unknown history.
this can be added to any of the statuses
Stage 1 of anesthesia- - Answer -analgesia stage-
conscious and rational, follows simple commands, perception of pain is diminished
but reflexes are intact
Stage 2 of anesthesia- - Answer -delirium- unconscious, body responds reflexively,
pupils dilated, breath holding, respirations irregular, muscle tone intact.
most at risk for laryngospasm and aspiration. also MI
Stage 3 of anesthesia- - Answer -surgical anesthesia-
increasing degrees of muscular relaxation, unable to protect airway
Stage 4 of anesthesia- - Answer -medullary depression-
depression of cardiovascular and respiratory centers
considered overdose
, CAPA/CPAN EXAM 2023
Recovery and Emergence of anesthesia- - Answer occurs in reverse order of
induction...surgical, delirium, analgesia.
Hypnotic anesthesia or otherwise known as? - Answer barbiturates
Methohexital (brevital)- - Answer barbiturates
used for induction, sedation, and MAC...no antagonists
SE: hiccups, and coughing
Etomidate (amidate)- - Answer an induction agent that is a non-barbiturate.
emergency type situation because very short acting hypnotic, no analgesia.
decreases cerebral blood flow and cerebral oxygen consumption without decreasing
BP aka good for neuro patients..
SE: can suppress adrenal function for 5-8 hours
Propofol (deprivan)- - Answer non-barbiturate
rapid onset and emergency, short acting, no analgesia effect.
HYPOTENSION on induction
not reversible
Ketamine- - Answer produces profound state of analgesia and unconsciousness.
-increases HR and Co
-spontaneous ventilation maintained
-appear awake but unaware
-able to use lower opioid dose
emergency delirium
Benzodiazepines-
examples (3)- - Answer calming, sedation, suppression of seizure activity.
Diazepam Midazolam Lorazepam
Benzodiazepine antagonist- - Answer flumazenil
Diazepam- - Answer usually pre-op for anxiety.
Midazolam- caution with what pt.s? - Answer Reducation in anxiety and profound
amnesia.
Caution with MI and COPD pts
decreases BP, HR
General anesthesia- - Answer states of reversible unconsciousness where protective
reflexes are particle or completely lost, muscle relaxation, sedation, and amnesia
obtained
Moderate sedation anesthesia- - Answer relaxed, non paralyzed state of analgesia
Regional anesthesia- - Answer loss of body sensation to region
Factor in anesthesia selection- - Answer age, physical status, type of surgery, patient
wishes, site of surgery/body position
ASA physical status classification- - Answer the specific risk the patient has to
developing a complication after to the procedure.
ASA 1- - Answer normal healthy patient
ASA 2- - Answer patient with mild, systemic disease...
smoker, pregnancy, obesity, mild drinker
ASA 3- - Answer severe systemic disease...poorly controlled DM, HTN, COPD,
obesity, history MI, stents
-some disagreement between anesthesia providers
ASA 4- - Answer patient with incapacitating systemic disease. ESRD, severe cardiac
valve dysfunction, stents, sepsis
ASA 5- - Answer not expected stop survive without the operation
ASA 6- - Answer organ donor, patient passed as brain dead
"E" ASA status- - Answer emergency patient with unknown history.
this can be added to any of the statuses
Stage 1 of anesthesia- - Answer -analgesia stage-
conscious and rational, follows simple commands, perception of pain is diminished
but reflexes are intact
Stage 2 of anesthesia- - Answer -delirium- unconscious, body responds reflexively,
pupils dilated, breath holding, respirations irregular, muscle tone intact.
most at risk for laryngospasm and aspiration. also MI
Stage 3 of anesthesia- - Answer -surgical anesthesia-
increasing degrees of muscular relaxation, unable to protect airway
Stage 4 of anesthesia- - Answer -medullary depression-
depression of cardiovascular and respiratory centers
considered overdose
, CAPA/CPAN EXAM 2023
Recovery and Emergence of anesthesia- - Answer occurs in reverse order of
induction...surgical, delirium, analgesia.
Hypnotic anesthesia or otherwise known as? - Answer barbiturates
Methohexital (brevital)- - Answer barbiturates
used for induction, sedation, and MAC...no antagonists
SE: hiccups, and coughing
Etomidate (amidate)- - Answer an induction agent that is a non-barbiturate.
emergency type situation because very short acting hypnotic, no analgesia.
decreases cerebral blood flow and cerebral oxygen consumption without decreasing
BP aka good for neuro patients..
SE: can suppress adrenal function for 5-8 hours
Propofol (deprivan)- - Answer non-barbiturate
rapid onset and emergency, short acting, no analgesia effect.
HYPOTENSION on induction
not reversible
Ketamine- - Answer produces profound state of analgesia and unconsciousness.
-increases HR and Co
-spontaneous ventilation maintained
-appear awake but unaware
-able to use lower opioid dose
emergency delirium
Benzodiazepines-
examples (3)- - Answer calming, sedation, suppression of seizure activity.
Diazepam Midazolam Lorazepam
Benzodiazepine antagonist- - Answer flumazenil
Diazepam- - Answer usually pre-op for anxiety.
Midazolam- caution with what pt.s? - Answer Reducation in anxiety and profound
amnesia.
Caution with MI and COPD pts
decreases BP, HR
