AP World History Test 2023

Sharia - Answer- the code of law derived from the Koran and from the teachings and example of Mohammed (Islamic Law) Ulama - Answer- Muslim religious scholars. From the ninth century onward, the primary interpreters of Islamic law and the social core of Muslim urban societies. Umma - Answer- the Muslim community or people, considered to extend from Mauritania to Pakistan Madras - Answer- a city in Tamil Nadu on the Bay of Bengal, , a plaid cotton material Madrasas - Answer- Islamic institutions of higher education that originated in the tenth century. By the twelfth century they had become established in the major cities of the Islamic world. Dhimmi - Answer- Literally "people of the book"; applied as inclusive term to Jews and Christians in Islamic territories; later extended to Zoroastrians and even Hindus & Buddhists. A person of a non-Muslim religion whose right to practice that religion is protected within an Islamic society (during Mughal and Ottoman empires) Caliph - Answer- the civil and religious leader of a Muslim state considered to be a representative of Allah on earth Imam - Answer- religious guide (Islam) Hajj - Answer- the fifth pillar of Islam is a pilgrimage to Mecca during the month of Dhu al-Qadah Islam - Answer- A monotheistic religion that developed in Arabia in 7th century, means "submission to the will of Allah". It is the religion of Muslims collectively which governs their civilization and way of life. Muslim - Answer- A follower of Islam, means "one who has submitted". Quran - Answer- the sacred writings of Islam revealed by God to the prophet Muhammad during his life at Mecca and Medina Sufism - Answer- An Islamic mystical tradition that desired a personal union with God--divine love through intuition rather than through rational deduction and study of the shari'a. Followed an ascetic routine (denial of physical desire to gain a spiritual goal), dedicating themselv