WGU C464 - Introduction to Communication Questions and Answers Already Passed

The linear model of communication A simple exchange between 2 people includes: 1. Deciding on the message 2. Encoding the message 3. Transmitting the message 4. Perceiving the message 5. Decoding and assigning meaning to the message Transactional Model Feedback, along with consideration of the factors that make accurate decoding of messages difficult, transforms the linear model. Stages of Perception The way we assign meaning to messages and events is uniquely our own, and it occurs in three stages 1) Selection 2) Organization 3) Interpretation Selective exposure This principle of selection (one of the stages of perception) states that we will attend to information that reinforces existing beliefs and disregard information that is at odds with our current position Selective attention This principle of selection (one of the stages of perception) states that once we are engaged in a particular interaction, we focus on certain information and ignore other information Selective recall This principle of selection (one of the stages of perception) states that we remember things that we agree with rather than things that are contrary to our beliefs Organization A communicator's efforts to group information into meaningful units to make further sense out of the information. Interpretation Assign meaning to stimuli Identity The ways in which you express your cultural and group affiliations. A factor affecting perception. Current internal state How people perceive stimuli involves how they are feeling. A factor affecting perception. Locus of causation Refers to whether the communicator's behavior was motivated by an internal state (such as intelligence, compassion, or honesty) or an external factor (such as resources, luck, favoritism, or the situation). Self-presentation The strategic development and use of verbal and nonverbal messages that result in others making conclusions about the kind of individual you are Impression management Deliberate use of verbal/nonverbal messages to create a particular impression among others Plan for Effective Self-presentation Due to the importance of making positive, appropriate first impressions you would follow this plan: 1) Set a goal 2) Create a strategy 3) Execute the strategy and evaluate the results 4) Modify negative perceptions Co-Culture Reflects the unique beliefs, ways of thinking, communication patterns and styles, and customs of members of particular groups that exist within the umbrella culture. Ex. Marines, college students, crossfit, pet owners Individualism Values people who are assertive and speak for themselves, independent and not reliant on others. Remain somewhat emotionally distant from others. Collectivism Value their membership in their particular in-group to such an extent that they place a greater importance on their role within the group. High context communication Rely more on nonverbal communication than straightforward verbal messages. Low context communication Require explicit or clean verbal messages. Spoon feed what is expected Feminine Nurturing, friendly, affectionate, compassionate, warm, supportive Masculine Assertive, ambitious, success-oriented, competitive, cold Monochronic These people like doing one thing at a time, being punctual, and concentrating fully to meet their commitments. Rarely cancel plans, tend to be very structured in their use of time and time lines, and can be highly irritated by interruptions or delays. They would consider a polychronic individual to be chaotic and unfocused. Polychronic These people are flexible in terms of starting times for appointments and deadlines. They change plans and priorities easily, and the border between work or professional time and family or personal time is fluid for them. Their style may seem chaotic and unfocused to a monochronic individual. Ethnocentrism The belief that one's own culture and lifestyle are superior to all others High power distance Place a great deal of value on social rank and the status associated with certain occupations or political offices. Low power distance People tend to communicate in ways that promote equality and diminish the barriers between people that status and rank create (Israel, Denmark, Sweden, great Britain, Germany, Canada and US) Synchronous communication Instant replies Asynchronous communication Must wait for reply (Email) Ethos The credibility and characteristics of the speaker. Common components include competence, trustworthiness, and dynamism Pathos The emotional appeal of a speaker. The ability to arouse emotion with in the audience Logos The logical argument presented by a speaker. The discourse that is supported by logical reasoning. Includes two categories: inductive and deductive reasoning