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samenvatting voeding bij de neonaat

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samenvatting van het onderdeel voeding bij de neonaat, onderdeel neonatologie binnen het keuzevak zieke kind verbredend in de opleiding verpleegkunde

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Samenvatting voeding bij de neonaat

PARENTERALE VOEDING
1. Inhoud
- Voedingsstoffen:
 Koolhydraten
 Aminozuren
 Lipiden
 Elektrolyten
- Mineralen: Ca, Mg
- Sporenelementen: zink, koper
- Vitamines: A, D, K, …

2. Samenstelling (nicu uz gent):
- A-oplossing: glucose 12% + calcium + magnesium + wateropl. Vitamines
- B-oplossing: eiwitten + elektrolyten + sporenelementen
- C-oplossing: vetten + vet oplosbare vitamines
- AB1: 85ml A en 15ml B
- AB2: 75ml A en 25ml B

3. Manier van opklimmen
- Dag 1: AB1
- Dag 2: AB2 + C
- Dag 3 en volgende dagen: AB2 + C
- Hoeveelheid verschilt -> ml/kg/dag

4. Voorschrift
- Lopen over 24u: daarna wissel
- Noteren in ml/u voor de A, B en C oplossing
- Cumulatieve hoeveelheid noteren per uur op verpleegfiche
- Volledige infuusset wisselen
- Filtersysteem beschermt tegen infecties en kleine luchtbellen

5. Wijze van toedienen
- Bij voorkeur: centraal veneuze katheter
 Long-line in elleboogvene
 Navelkatheter
- Perifeer infuus kortdurend + laag percentage glucose
- A-oplossing: volumetrische pomp
- B en C-oplossing: spuitpomp
- C-oplossing: via zijlijn voorbij de filter

1

, 6. Belangrijkste aandachtspunten:
- Aseptische bereiding in de apotheek: kortdurend bewaren
- Bacteriële groei, zeker bij additieven
- Aandacht bij perifere IV toediening -> roodheid, zwelling
- Indien nodig bloedafname

7. Effect
- Regelmatige bloedafname verschillende stoffen
- Opvolgen van gewicht, lengte
- Afbouw gebeurt stapsgewijs:
 Enterale voeding gaat goed en wordt uitgebreid
 Voldoende vocht
 Afbouwen parenteraal en nutriënten
 Eerst C-oplossing, dan B-oplossing
 Bij enkel A-oplossing: controle glycemie




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December 28, 2022
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