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Samenvatting hoofdstuk 8 Ademhaling, prof. Verleden

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Samenvatting van hoofdstuk 8 (hypertensie + longembolie), gegeven door prof. Verleden, uit het boek Ademhaling. Deze samenvatting bevat zowel de tekst uit het boek als de notities uit de les + powerpoint.

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OPO Ademhaling hoofdstuk 8


LONGEMBOLIE ▪ Submassief: bovenstaande + hemoptoë,
verwardheid, pleurale pijn, lichte koorts
DEFINITIE ▪ Massief met plotse collaps: syncope, bleek,
- Plotse afsluiting van longslagader door losgeraakt stuk trombus bezweet, angstig, rechter ictus, ↑ CVD
(embool) • DD/ aorta dissectie, myocardinfarct
▪ Recurrente kleinere LE: ontstaan van PH
EPIDEMIOLOGIE • Patiënt merkt dit niet
- Incidentie van 1/1000/j • DD/ andere oorzaken van PH

PATHOGENESE DIAGNOSE

- 95% afkomstig uit DVT van onderste ledematen of bekken - Klinisch: probabiliteit via Geneva score
o 50% asymptomatisch LE - D-dimeren
- 5% uit rechterhart bij klepletsels of VKF, uit bovenste ledematen o > 10 x leeftijd
of uit diepe kathetertrombose o Niet specifiek (ook ↑ CRP nodig)
- Voorbeschikkende factoren voor LE o Normale waarden sluiten LE quasi uit
o Veneuze stase (bv. bedlegerigheid, lokale druk, obesitas) - Duplex OL
o Beschadiging vaatwand (bv. lokaal trauma, ontsteking) o Comprimeerbaarheid van vaten evalueren
o Hypercoagulatie (bv. postoperatief, postpartum) o Bij vermoeden DVT
- V/Q scan
KLINIEK - CT scan
- Afsluiting van longbloedvat: hemodynamisch goede tolerantie tot - Angio pulmonale vaten
occlusie > 50% van vaatbed - Echocardiografie
- Zelden longinfarct - Algoritme
- Symptomen: beschikbaar op basis
o Plotse dyspnoe, hoest, polypnoe, tachycardie, gallop- van klinisch
ritme, verhoogde CVD, luide P2 (DD COPD exacerbatie) probabiliteit
o V/Q mismatch: hypoxie
o Hyperventilatie: hypocapnie, normale of ↓ pO2
o Tekens van DVT
o Symptomen ifv ernst van LE

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December 22, 2022
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