EMR Final Exam Study Guide Graded A+

Emergency Medical Responders are trained to provide ______. - ANSWER-Basic emergency care How is malaria transmitted? - ANSWER-Through vector-borne transmission (mosquitos) Engineering controls include ______. - ANSWER-Biohazard containers The best way to care for someone who got body fluids splashed in their eyes is to _____. - ANSWER-Flush the eyes with water or saline for 20 minutes. Which level of EMS provider is the most advanced? - ANSWER-Paramedic These laws protect you when you act in good faith and within your scope of practice. - ANSWER-Good Samaritan Laws A person is competent when they ______. - ANSWER-Understand questions and the implications of their decisions. Providing basic care based on specific criteria is called _____. - ANSWER-Standard of Care The medial part of the body is ______. - ANSWER-Towards the midline. Out of the brain, heart, lungs, and kidney, the _______ would be considered to be the least vital. - ANSWER-Kidney When is it ok to move a seriously injured patient? - ANSWER-When a building is on fire, from a vehicle that is smoking, and when the patient is blocking access to other patients. What is the best way to move a patient who has a suspected neck or spinal injury? - ANSWER-Blanket Drag What are some examples of mechanisms of injury (MOI)? - ANSWER-Explosions, penetrating trauma, blunt force. _________ materials may have strange odors and/or clouds of gas. - ANSWER-Hazardous When arriving on the scene, this is your number one priority. - ANSWER-Scene safety What allows for the maximum hand stability and strength when lifting a patient? - ANSWER-Power grip An unstable patient should be reassessed every ____ minutes. - ANSWER-5 What is the most important personal protective equipment that you should be wearing when working with a patient? - ANSWER-Disposable gloves What is the main purpose of an ongoing assessment? - ANSWER-To identify changes in the patient's condition. A correctly placed blood pressure cuff will be centered over the _____ artery. - ANSWER-Brachial What is the first thing you should do when communicating with medical control? - ANSWER-Identify yourself True or False. The tongue is the most likely cause of a mechanical airway obstruction. - ANSWER-False The ______ plane divided the body horizontally. - ANSWER-Axial (transverse) What is the most appropriate way to perform a jaw-thrust maneuver? - ANSWER-By sliding your fingers under then angles of the jawbones. You can only insert an oral airway if the patient is ____. - ANSWER-Unconscious This organ separated the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity, and is responsible for breathing. - ANSWER-Diaphragm The _____ is the largest organ of the body. - ANSWER-Skin What signs would you expect if hazardous materials were present on a scene? - ANSWER-Foul and acrid odors When suctioning a patient, do not suction for more than _____ seconds at a time - ANSWER-15 If a choking patient goes unconscious, then the first thing you must do is ______. - ANSWER-Lower them carefully to the ground An oxygen cylinder should be refilled when the pressure gauge reads _____ ppi or below. - ANSWER-200 An advantage of a variable flow rate device on an oxygen tank is that you can ______. - ANSWER-Adjust the flow rate for different types of delivery devices. A heart attack is also called a ____. - ANSWER-Miocardial Infarction (MI) Never use an oropharyngeal airway if _____. - ANSWER-The patient is alert and conscious The best way to suction the mouth is to _____. - ANSWER-Apply suction while withdrawing the tip in a sweeping motion. The worst kind of questions to ask a patient begins with _____. - ANSWER-Why? The best way to know if a patient is breathing is to _____, _____, and _____. - ANSWER-Look, Listen, Feel This is the most important thing to do for a patient having a seizure. - ANSWER-Maintain an open airway This is the condition where there is a disruption of blood flow to part of the brain. - ANSWER-Stroke One sign that indicate that a patient has overdosed on stimulants is _____. - ANSWER-A rapid pulse You should only do a finger sweep in a person's mouth when they are ____. - ANSWER-Unconscious If you suspect substance abuse, always _____. - ANSWER-Summon more advanced medical personnel What are some examples of chief complaints? - ANSWER-My chest hurts. I am having trouble breathing. I can't walk. I feel dizzy. True or False. It is ok to enter a building that smells of strong odors like sulfur or gasoline. - ANSWER-False. Call for specialized services for assistance. What is a good treatment for jellyfish stings. - ANSWER-Flush the affected site with vinegar. What is the best way to deal with a patient who is experiencing a behavioral emergency? - ANSWER-Speak directly to the patient. What is your first priority (after scene safety) if you arrive on a scene where you suspect child abuse? - ANSWER-Care for the child What kind of dressing do you apply to a patient with a sucking chest wound? - ANSWER-An occlusive dressing True or False. It is ok to give a a drink to a patient who is in shock. - ANSWER-False. What event can cause a child to go into cardiac arrest? - ANSWER-Respiratory emergencies When assessing a stroke patient using the "FAST" mnemonic, what does the "T" stand for? - ANSWER-The time in which symptoms first occurred. Your first priority in an attempt to control bleeding should be ____. - ANSWER-To cover the wound with a dressing. What is the name of the system that is used when dealing with a large emergency situation involving multiple patients? - ANSWER-Incident Command System (ICS) What is the best way to care for a wound with a bone protruding through the skin? - ANSWER-Pack the area around the bone with sterile gauze. What is the name of an injury that involves a partially severed body part such as a finger or toe? - ANSWER-Avulsion What is the most common heart rhythm associated with sudden cardiac arrest? - ANSWER-Ventricular fibrillation (V-fib) Once a person that has been burned has been removed from the source of heat, your next priority is to _____. - ANSWER-Cool the burned area A person with a closed abdominal injury will be most comfortable in what position? - ANSWER-One their backs with their knees bent An open wound that is oozing blood should be first treated by ______. - ANSWER-Dressing the wound to prevent infection If you are trying to stabilize a patient's head, and their head is turned sharply to the right or left, your should ____. - ANSWER-Maintain the head in the position found. True or False. Braxton-Hicks contractions are sporatic in nature. - ANSWER-True What is the most appropriate way to cool a child who has a high fever? - ANSWER-Remove their clothing and blankets If a person was struck in the chest, but has no open wounds, what is a sign that the patient may have internal injuries to the chest? - ANSWER-Coughing up blood How should you speak to an elderly person? - ANSWER-Clearly, calmly, and slowly While assisting a pregnant mother who is giving birth, you notice a small loop of umbilical cord protruding from the vagina while the babies head is crowning. What should you do if this happens? - ANSWER-Have the mother assume a knee-chest position (stink bug) What are some inappropriate ways of attempting to communicate with a patient who has autism? - ANSWER-Tell them to look directly at you, touch the child, expect them to act their age. What are conditions where using air medical transport might be required. - ANSWER-Unrestrained car rollover, severe burns, extreme trauma. What is your first priority (after scene safety) for a patient who has an abdominal wound with organs protruding? - ANSWER-Summon more advanced medical personnel ____ is the safe and appropriate way to remove a patient who is trapped in a motor vehicle. - ANSWER-Extrication The term ______ refers to the possible risk to health, safety, or property due the release of toxic substance. - ANSWER-HAZMAT "DuoDote" is an antidote kit for ______. - ANSWER-Nerve agents What type of oxygen administration devices would work for a patient with a nasal injury? - ANSWER-BVM, Resuscitation mask, Non-rebreather mask How do you stabilize the neck of a person with a suspected neck injury? - ANSWER-Put you hands on both sides of the patient's head. What is the National Incident Management System (NIMS)? - ANSWER-It is a comprehensive framework that outlines the structures for response activities for command and management. If a person was trapped in a farm silo, a hole in the ground, inside a tank, this would be considered a _______ situation. - ANSWER-Confined space The _____ System is responsible for fighting disease. - ANSWER-Immune Do NOT attempt resuscitation in a patient who _____. - ANSWER-Has a valid DNR, is exhibiting dependent vividity, shows signs of tissue decay, has stiffened finger and jaw joints, shows definitive signs of Rigor Mortis. The first to remove disposable gloves is to _____. - ANSWER-Pinch the palm side of one glove near the wrist True or False. Take care not to disturb anything at a crime scene. - ANSWER-True Hyper means _____. - ANSWER-Fast The first thing you should do when approaching a patient is to _____. - ANSWER-Identify yourself _____ connect muscle to bone. - ANSWER-Tendons _____ connect bone to bone. - ANSWER-Ligament What is the most common cause of airway obstruction in children? - ANSWER-The tongue What is another name for the clavicle? - ANSWER-Collar bone If you must leave a patient to get help, leave the patient in the ________ position. - ANSWER-H.A.I.N.E.S The best way to move a person down a narrow staircase is with a ______. - ANSWER-Stair Chair A ________ is the duties and skills a person is allowed an expected to perform. - ANSWER-Scope of Practice _______ precautions assumes that all body fluids could be potentially infective. - ANSWER-Standard Which body system is most likely affected in a patient with blood glucose problems? - ANSWER-Endocrine True or False. A patient that is thrashing and kicking might can be restrained. - ANSWER-True How far away should you park your vehicle from a scene involving fire. - ANSWER-100 feet What is diastolic blood pressure? - ANSWER-The force exerted on arterial walls between contractions. What is the "S" in SAMPLE? - ANSWER-Signs and Symptoms What is the "A" in SAMPLE? - ANSWER-Known Allergies What is the "M"in SAMPLE? - ANSWER-Medications What is the "P" in SAMPLE? - ANSWER-Past pertinent history