Modern Period 1900 – Present Crime and Punishment
Context
Beliefs and Attitudes
55% of children went to Sunday school and the majority of people still attended
church.
By 2000, 70% described themselves as christian, however 10% only went to church.
The church had lost much of its power, e.g. people got married in civil services.
1948, Britain joins the bill of human right by the UN, fighting to ensure people are
not ill-treated because go gender, race, religion and LGBTQ+ status.
Work and Wealth in the 20th century:
World wars caused the economy to fall due to the Wall Street crash, the globe was
thrown into an economic depression.
By the 1950's recovery was underway, 1957 Prime Minster Harold Macmillan
claimed "people never had it so good"
Britain became a consumer society, consumer items, (vacuums & washing machines
etc...)
Services and workers are introduced to economy.
The social margin was much harsher
Cities and Towns in the 20th Century
Britain is now primarily an urban society, 80% of population live in towns and cities,
occupations are mainly done by machinery.
Cities are now conurbations, merging with outlying towns.
The rich and the middle class live in suburbs whereas the poor usually occupy houses
near the centre of an area.
Gang crime is more prevalent.
Government and Control in the 20th Century
From the 1880's men over the age of 21 had the right to vote.
The liberals passed a number of changes that helped poverty.
o Beginning of the welfare state.
By 1928 every adult could vote
After the war the NHS was introduced in 1948
Welfare state was funded by taxes.
Crime
, In the 20th century crimes against the person were the most common, this included;
assault, murder and rape. However, some crimes were old, but in new ofrmats
Car Crime
Grand Theft Auto - Car Theft
Speed limits and seatbelts obligatory in 1896 and 1983 respectively
Driving under the influence of alcohol / drugs in 1967
Football Hooliganism
Old crime, since the Middle Ages crime and sport have sparked have occurred
through history
Violence in the stadiums, rival gangs will fight in bars and station
Hate Crime
Stephen Lawrence murder in 1993, racially motivate attacks
o Two people sent to jail 19 years after the initial attack
Protection is better for minority groups, since the 2010 equality act, which protects
people from discrimination.
1% of crime is classed as 'hate crime'
Illegal Drugs
Opium and cocaine legal before 1920
Strict controls and contraband substances occurred after the 60's and 70's
County line and drug trafficking introduced
Cyber Crime
After being first introduced to the national crime statistics in 2015, doubled the
crime rate of the year.
Theft, Piracy and hacking were all introduced into the world of crime.
Gang Crime
Old crime, in a new format, as seen in the early modern period with the Bedford
outlaw gang, who worked as hired knights for the king, which prevented them from
being arrested.
o Gang crime introduced all sorts of new crimes, such as; Assault, Weapons
Possession, Arson, Robbery, Murder and Postcode Wars
Juvenile Crime
Context
Beliefs and Attitudes
55% of children went to Sunday school and the majority of people still attended
church.
By 2000, 70% described themselves as christian, however 10% only went to church.
The church had lost much of its power, e.g. people got married in civil services.
1948, Britain joins the bill of human right by the UN, fighting to ensure people are
not ill-treated because go gender, race, religion and LGBTQ+ status.
Work and Wealth in the 20th century:
World wars caused the economy to fall due to the Wall Street crash, the globe was
thrown into an economic depression.
By the 1950's recovery was underway, 1957 Prime Minster Harold Macmillan
claimed "people never had it so good"
Britain became a consumer society, consumer items, (vacuums & washing machines
etc...)
Services and workers are introduced to economy.
The social margin was much harsher
Cities and Towns in the 20th Century
Britain is now primarily an urban society, 80% of population live in towns and cities,
occupations are mainly done by machinery.
Cities are now conurbations, merging with outlying towns.
The rich and the middle class live in suburbs whereas the poor usually occupy houses
near the centre of an area.
Gang crime is more prevalent.
Government and Control in the 20th Century
From the 1880's men over the age of 21 had the right to vote.
The liberals passed a number of changes that helped poverty.
o Beginning of the welfare state.
By 1928 every adult could vote
After the war the NHS was introduced in 1948
Welfare state was funded by taxes.
Crime
, In the 20th century crimes against the person were the most common, this included;
assault, murder and rape. However, some crimes were old, but in new ofrmats
Car Crime
Grand Theft Auto - Car Theft
Speed limits and seatbelts obligatory in 1896 and 1983 respectively
Driving under the influence of alcohol / drugs in 1967
Football Hooliganism
Old crime, since the Middle Ages crime and sport have sparked have occurred
through history
Violence in the stadiums, rival gangs will fight in bars and station
Hate Crime
Stephen Lawrence murder in 1993, racially motivate attacks
o Two people sent to jail 19 years after the initial attack
Protection is better for minority groups, since the 2010 equality act, which protects
people from discrimination.
1% of crime is classed as 'hate crime'
Illegal Drugs
Opium and cocaine legal before 1920
Strict controls and contraband substances occurred after the 60's and 70's
County line and drug trafficking introduced
Cyber Crime
After being first introduced to the national crime statistics in 2015, doubled the
crime rate of the year.
Theft, Piracy and hacking were all introduced into the world of crime.
Gang Crime
Old crime, in a new format, as seen in the early modern period with the Bedford
outlaw gang, who worked as hired knights for the king, which prevented them from
being arrested.
o Gang crime introduced all sorts of new crimes, such as; Assault, Weapons
Possession, Arson, Robbery, Murder and Postcode Wars
Juvenile Crime
