Capstone PNR 207 Exam 2

Capstone PNR 207 Exam 2 Diabetes Type 1 - no insulin, will need replacement for life Diabetes Type 2 - pancreas may still make some, but either not enough or too many glucose molecules ingested at one time Hypoglycemia - cold and clammy, give candy. Provide source of quick acting carbohydrate/glucose such as orange juice HA1C - Normal ra nge 4 -6%. Assesses the degree of blood sugar control over the preceding 2 -3 months Fructosamine assay - is a diagnostic test used to assess the degree of diabetic control of blood sugar over the preceding 2 -3 weeks FVD - IV fluid replacement initiated wi th severe dehydration Neonate with club feet - serial casting is the preferred treatment. Begun shortly after birth before discharge from hospital. Successive casts allow for gradual stretching of the skin and tight structures on the medial side of the fo ot. Down Syndrome assessment findings - High -arched, narrow palate, protruding tongue, transverse palmar crease Care of elderly - constipation, osteoarthritis use of naproxen for pain may cause gi bleeding assess stool, skin care, hair becomes thin and s lows growth, skin is more fragile due to loss of collagen fibers, skin wrinkles and sags, Assess bowel habits, question risk factors. Dermatitis - may benefit from oatmeal or starch therapeutic bath with tepid water Colostomy (opening into the colon) car e stoma site - pale stoma indicates a compromised blood supply and should be reported immediately. Avoid foods that are constipating, Whole kernel corn, tomatoes, and shrimp. Ileostomy care (opening in the ileum, liquid effluent) - Diarrhea - Treat with loperamide (antidiarrheal) Occult blood - is suspected when stool changes from a normal brown appearance to a dark black color with a sticky appearance Immobilized pts - at risk for pressure injuries, loss of bone mass, pneumonia, permanent loss of function. Use prevention techniques such as sheepskin pads, water mattresses, pulsating air pads. ROM exercises are necessary so that movement improves venous circulation by compression of muscles on the venous walls.