Chapter 08: Drugs Affecting the Renal/Urinary and Cardiovascular Problems Vislosky: Introduction to Clinical Pharmacology, 9th Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which body system works with the renal/urinary system to maintain fluid balance and remove waste products from the body? a. Biliary system b. Cardiovascular system c. Central nervous system d. Gastrointestinal system ANS: B The renal/urinary system works together with the cardiovascular system to maintain adequate circulation to all parts of the body. The interactions between these two systems help maintain fluid balance, delivery of nutrients, and removal of waste products from cells, tissues, and organs. Most drugs that affect one system have an effect on the functioning of the other system. DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 126 2. Which category of diuretic drugs exerts its mechanism of action in the collecting duct? a. Loop diuretics b. Thiazide diuretics c. Potassium-sparing diuretics d. Thiazide-like sulfonamide diuretics ANS: C Loop diuretics work in the ascending limb of the Loop of Henle. Thiazide diuretics and thiazide-like diuretics work at the end of the ascending loop of Henle and the beginning of the distal convoluted tubule. Only the potassium-sparing diuretics work at the collecting duct. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: p. 126 3. How do thiazide and thiazide-like diuretic drugs reduce high blood pressure? a. Reducing blood volume and relaxing vascular smooth muscle b. Increasing potassium excretion and slowing heart contractions c. Releasing sodium from cellular storage sites and preventing heart block d. Reducing the thirst response and increasing the amount of urine the bladder can hold ANS: A