B/B Uworld MCAT

Increase Ventricular filling - Increased Stroke volume - Increase cardiac input - _____ Vascular Resistance - Answer - Decreased *Same for reversed Reduced ventricular filling would lead to LESS blood being expelled from the ventricle with each contraction and ______ CO. - Answer - Decreased Compared with healthy individual's ECG, the patient's ECG shows _____ waves of AV depolarization over the same time period. *increased # of APs fired from patient's SA and AV nodal cells, lead to ___ frequent atrial and ventricular contraction *depolarization and AP generation depend on Na+, Ca+ influx into cells -- more rapid influx of (+++) ions into SA nodal cells lead to ___ APs firing from SA node and ___ frequent atrial contraction - Answer - more, more, increased, more CO2+H2O⇋H2CO3⇋HCO−3+H+ The patient is noted to have decreased pulmonary gas exchange. Given this, which of the following is most likely to occur in the patient's blood if this condition is left untreated? - Answer - More H2CO3 will be produced and blood pH will decrease. Excess fluid in the patient's lungs is most likely caused by which of the following at the pulmonary sites of gas exchange? A.Increased protein concentration in the blood flowing through pulmonary capillaries B.Decreased osmotic pressure in the interstitial fluid surrounding the pulmonary capillaries C.Increased hydrostatic pressure within pulmonary capillaries D.Decreased volume of blood flowing through the pulmonary capillaries - Answer - C. Increased hydrostatic pressure within pulmonary capillaries *Pulmonary edema