MODULE 8: ALTERATIONS OF NEUROLOGIC FUNCTION QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2022

Feedback: Brain edema forms around and in damaged neural tissues, contributing to the increasing intracranial pressure. - ANS-Which information should the nurse include when teaching about focal brain injury? Most forms of focal brain injury are associated with increased: Blunt trama Feedback: Head injuries can be classified as closed (blunt) trauma or open (penetrating) trauma. - ANS-The nurse is caring for a patient with a closed head injury. Which term should the nurse use when describing the injury? Frontal. Feedback: Focal brain injuries produced by something striking the front of the head usually produce only coup injuries, or those occurring directly beneath the point of impact. - ANS-A patient's forehead hit the steering wheel during a motor vehicle accident. Which part of the brain received the coup injury. dura mater - ANS-In a patient with an epidural hematoma, the nurse recalls that bleeding occurs between the skull and: Acute subdural hematoma Feedback: Acute subdural hematomas develop within 48 hours of the injury. - ANS-A patient developed a subdural hematoma within 12 hours of the injury. Which diagnosis will the nurse observe documented on the chart? Concussion Feedback: There are two main types of diffuse brain injuries: concussions and diffuse axonal injury. - ANS-Which type of injury will the nurse prepare to care for when a patient has a diffuse brain injury? Spinal shock - ANS-A patient has a recent spinal cord injury. Which term should the nurse use to describe the loss of reflex function below the level of injury/lesion? The nucleus pulposus extrudes and compresses the nerve root. Feedback: A herniated disk allows the gelatinous material (the nucleus pulposus) to extrude and compress the nerve root. - ANS-A nurse is describing the pathophysiology of a herniated disk. Which information should the nurse include? Transient ischemic attack Feedback: The new definition for transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a brief episode of neurologic dysfunction caused by a focal disturbance of brain or retinal ischemia with clinical symptoms typically lasting more than 1 hour; no evidence of infarction; and complete clinical recovery. - ANS-A patient has a brief episode of neurological deficits that resolves within 12 hours with a return to normal functioning. Which diagnosis will the nurse observe documented on the chart? Embolic Feedback: Embolic stroke is commonly associated with atrial fibrillation, myocardial infarction, and valvular heart disease. - ANS-A patient with atrial fibrillation has a stroke. Which type of stroke should the nurse monitor for in this patient?