NUR N491 Chapter 21: Reproductive Systems Patton: Structure & Function of the Body, 16th Edition Questions And Answers

NUR N491 Chapter 21: Reproductive Systems Patton: Structure & Function of the Body, 16th Edition Questions And Answers MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The essential organ(s) of the male reproductive system is (are) the: a. spermatozoa. b. testes. c. penis. d. scrotum. ANS: B DIF: Remembering REF: p. 462 OBJ: 1 TOP: Male reproductive system 2. The location of the testes allows them to: a. be maintained at a temperature about 1° C (3° F) below normal body temperature. b. be insured of an adequate blood supply. c. be maintained at a temperature about 1° C (3° F) above normal body temperature. d. be assured of an adequate nerve supply. ANS: A DIF: Remembering REF: p. 463 OBJ: 1 TOP: Testes 3. The tough, whitish membrane surrounding the testes is called the: a. seminiferous tubules. b. interstitial cells. c. tunica albuginea. d. scrotum. ANS: C DIF: Remembering REF: p. 463 OBJ: 1 TOP: Testes 4. Sperm cells develop in the: a. interstitial cells. b. tunic albuginea. c. prostate gland. d. seminiferous tubules. ANS: D DIF: Remembering REF: p. 463 OBJ: 1 TOP: Spermatogenesis 5. The primary spermatocyte: a. produces spermatogonium. b. contains 46 chromosomes. c. contains 23 chromosomes. d. produces spermatogonium and contains 46 chromosomes. ANS: B DIF: Applying REF: p. 464 OBJ: 2 TOP: Spermatogenesis 6. The spermatids: a. are direct daughter cells of the spermatogonium. b. are direct daughter cells of the secondary spermatocytes. c. contain 23 chromosomes. d. are direct daughter cells of the secondary spermatocytes and contain 23 chromosomes. ANS: D DIF: Applying REF: p. 465 OBJ: 2 TOP: Spermatogenesis 7. The acrosome of the sperm cell: a. contains enzymes that help break down the covering of the ovum. b. contains mitochondria. c. produces ATP for sperm cell mobility. d. is a whiplike structure that provides movement for the sperm. ANS: A DIF: Remembering REF: p. 466 OBJ: 2 TOP: Sperm 8. The midpiece of the sperm: a. supplies enzymes to break down the covering of the ovum. b. contains mitochondria. c. holds 23 chromosomes. d. is a whiplike structure that provides movement for the sperm. ANS: B DIF: Remembering REF: p. 466 OBJ: 2 TOP: Sperm 9. Which of the following is not a function of testosterone? a. It is the masculinizing hormone. b. It causes spermatogonia to undergo a unique kind of cell division at puberty. c. It has a stimulating effect on protein synthesis. d. It promotes and maintains the development of the male accessory organs. ANS: B DIF: Remembering REF: p. 466 | p. 467 OBJ: 3 TOP: Production of testosterone 10. The tube that leaves the scrotal sac and enters the abdominal cavity is the: a. epididymis. b. ductus deferens. c. ejaculatory duct. d. urethra. ANS: B DIF: Remembering REF: p. 467 OBJ: 1 TOP: Male reproductive system | Reproductive ducts 11. The tightly coiled tube that lies along the top and sides of the testes is the: a. epididymis. b. ductus deferens. c. ejaculatory duct. d. urethra. ANS: A DIF: Remembering REF: p. 467 OBJ: 1 TOP: Male reproductive system | Reproductive ducts 12. The tube that carries sperm out of the body and is also part of the urinary system is the: a. epididymis. b. ductus deferens. c. ejaculatory duct. d. urethra. ANS: D DIF: Remembering REF: p. 467 OBJ: 1 TOP: Male reproductive system | Reproductive ducts 13. Seminal fluid: a. contains about 100,000 sperm per milliliter. b. is produced primarily by the seminiferous tubule. c. is slightly alkaline. d. contains about 100,000 sperm per milliliter and is slightly alkaline. ANS: C DIF: Remembering REF: p. 467 OBJ: 2 TOP: Male reproductive system | Accessory glands 14. The structure that produces a thin, milk-colored fluid that composes about 30% of the seminal fluid volume is the: a. seminal vesicles. b. prostate gland. c. bulbourethral glands. d. seminiferous tubules. ANS: B DIF: Remembering REF: p. 468 OBJ: 1 TOP: Male reproductive system | Accessory glands 15. The structure that produces a thick, yellowish fluid that contains fructose and composes about 60% of the seminal fluid volume is the: a. seminal vesicles. b. prostate gland. c. bulbourethral glands. d. seminiferous tubules. ANS: A DIF: Remembering REF: p. 467 | p. 468 OBJ: 1 TOP: Male reproductive system | Accessory glands 16. The scrotum contains which of the following structures? a. Testes b. Prostate gland c. Epididymis d. Testes and epididymis ANS: D DIF: Remembering REF: p. 469 OBJ: 4 TOP: Male reproductive system | External genitals 17. The essential organ of the female reproductive system is the: a. uterus. b. ova. c. ovary. d. vagina. ANS: C OBJ: 1 DIF: Remembering TOP: Female reproductive system REF: p. 469 18. After ovulation, the hormone-secreting remnant of the follicle is called the: a. corpus luteum. b. antrum. c. graafian follicle. d. granulosa cells. ANS: A DIF: Remembering REF: p. 470 OBJ: 1 TOP: Ovaries 19. Oogenesis differs from spermatogenesis because in oogenesis: a. the end product is a cell that contains 46 chromosomes. b. the end product is a cell that contains 23 chromosomes. c. polar bodies are produced. d. gonadotropin releasing hormone is produced. ANS: C DIF: Applying REF: p. 470 OBJ: 2 TOP: Oogenesis 20. Which of the following is not true of estrogen? a. It is produced by the granNuUloRsaScIelNlsGaTroBCtOhMe oocytes. b. It stimulates the proliferation of the epithelial lining of the uterus. c. It stimulates the development and maturation of the female reproductive organs. d. It is produced by the granulosa cells around the oocytes and stimulates both the proliferation of the epithelial lining of the uterus and the develop and maturation of the female reproductive organs. ANS: D DIF: Applying REF: p. 470 | p. 471 | p. 472 OBJ: 3 TOP: Production of estrogen and progesterone 21. Which of the following is not true of progesterone? a. It is produced by the corpus luteum. b. It stimulates the proliferation of the epithelial lining of the uterus. c. It is produced by the granulosa cells around the oocyte. d. It acts with estrogen to initiate the menstrual cycle in girls entering puberty. ANS: C DIF: Remembering REF: p. 472 OBJ: 3 TOP: Production of estrogen and progesterone 22. The fringelike structures on the funnel-shaped end of the oviduct are called: a. fallopian tubes. b. fimbriae. c. uterine tubes. d. uterine follicles. ANS: B DIF: Remembering REF: p. 472 OBJ: 1 TOP: Female reproductive system | Reproductive ducts 23. At ovulation, the ovum: a. enters the oviduct directly. b. is assisted into the oviduct by the fimbriae. c. enters the abdominal cavity first. d. is assisted into the oviduct by the fimbriae and enters the abdominal cavity first. ANS: D DIF: Remembering REF: p. 472 OBJ: 1 TOP: Female reproductive system | Reproductive ducts 24. Fertilization normally occurs in the: a. ovary. b. oviduct. c. uterus. d. vagina. ANS: B DIF: Remembering REF: p. 472 OBJ: 1 TOP: Female reproductive system | Reproductive ducts 25. The narrow lower portion of the uterus is called the: a. cervix. b. myometrium. c. body. d. fundus. ANS: A DIF: NRUeRmSemINbeGriTngB.COM REF: p. 472 OBJ: 1 TOP: Female reproductive system | Uterus 26. The portion of the uterus that forms a bulging prominence above the entry point of the oviducts is called the: a. cervix. b. myometrium. c. body. d. fundus. ANS: D DIF: Remembering REF: p. 472 OBJ: 1 TOP: Female reproductive system | Uterus 27. The muscle layer of the uterus is called the: a. cervix. b. myometrium. c. endometrium. d. fundus. ANS: B DIF: Remembering REF: p. 472 OBJ: 1 TOP: Female reproductive system | Uterus 28. The structure that lies on either side of the vaginal outlet and secretes a lubricating fluid is the: a. labia majora. b. clitoris. c. greater vestibular glands. d. labia minora. ANS: C DIF: Remembering REF: p. 473 OBJ: 1 TOP: Female reproductive system | Accessory glands 29. The lactiferous ducts: a. drain milk from the alveoli of the breasts. b. carry milk toward the nipple. c. drain only one lobe of each breast. d. drain milk from the alveoli of the breasts, carry milk toward the nipple, and drain only one lobe of each breast. ANS: D DIF: Remembering REF: p. 474 OBJ: 1 TOP: Female reproductive system | Accessory glands 30. The erectile tissue of the female external genitalia is the: a. vestibule. b. clitoris. c. labia majora. d. labia minora. ANS: B DIF: Remembering REF: p. 475 OBJ: 4 TOP: Female reproductive system | External genitals 31. The part of the female reprodNuUctRivSe IcyNcGleTthBa.t iCnOvoMlves passage of part of the inner lining of the uterus and blood is: a. menses. b. the secretory phase. c. the proliferative phase. d. ovulation. ANS: A DIF: Remembering REF: p. 475 OBJ: 5 TOP: Menstrual cycle 32. The part of the female reproductive cycle that occurs when the egg is released from the ovary is: a. menses. b. the secretory phase. c. the proliferative phase. d. ovulation. ANS: D DIF: Remembering REF: p. 476 OBJ: 5 TOP: Menstrual cycle 33. The part of the female reproductive cycle that begins at the end of menses and ends at ovulation is: a. menarche. b. the secretory phase. c. the proliferative phase. d. menopause. ANS: C DIF: Remembering REF: p. 476 OBJ: 5 TOP: Menstrual cycle 34. The corpus luteum functions as an endocrine gland during part of the female reproductive cycle is called: a. menses. b. the secretory phase. c. the proliferative phase. d. menarche. ANS: B DIF: Remembering REF: p. 476 OBJ: 5 TOP: Menstrual cycle 35. The part of the female reproductive cycle that begins at ovulation and ends at the start of menses is: a. menarche. b. the secretory phase. c. the proliferative phase. d. menopause. ANS: B DIF: Remembering REF: p. 476 OBJ: 5 TOP: Menstrual cycle 36. The part of the female reproductive cycle during which estrogen secretion reaches its highest level is: a. menarche. b. the secretory phase. c. the proliferative phase. d. menopause. ANS: C DIF: Remembering REF: p. 476 OBJ: 5 TOP: Menstrual cycle 37. The part of the female reproductive cycle during which progesterone secretion reaches its highest level is: a. menarche. b. menses. c. the proliferative phase. d. the secretory phase. ANS: D DIF: Remembering REF: p. 476 OBJ: 5 TOP: Menstrual cycle 38. The hormone that stimulates the development of the egg follicle in the ovary is: a. estrogen. b. LH. c. FSH. d. progesterone. ANS: C DIF: Remembering REF: p. 476 OBJ: 5 TOP: Menstrual cycle 39. The hormone that causes the formation of the corpus luteum and is also the ovulation hormone is: a. estrogen. b. LH. c. FSH. d. progesterone. ANS: B DIF: Remembering REF: p. 477 OBJ: 5 TOP: Menstrual cycle 40. The hormones LH and FSH are produced by the: a. ovary. b. corpus luteum. c. anterior pituitary gland. d. adrenal glands. ANS: C DIF: Remembering REF: p. 476 OBJ: 5 TOP: Menstrual cycle 41. When gametes unite, they form: a. an ova. b. a zygote. c. a spermatozoa. d. a blastocyst. ANS: B DIF: Remembering REF: p. 462 OBJ: 1 TOP: Sexual reproduction 42. Which of the following does not describe accessory organs of the male reproductive system? a. Produce spermatozoa b. A series of ducts or passageways to carry sperm c. External genitals d. Glands that provide secretions to protect and nurture the sperm ANS: A DIF: Remembering REF: p. 463 OBJ: 1 TOP: Male reproductive system | Testes 43. Which of the following is not considered a reproductive duct of the male reproductive system? a. Epididymis b. Vas deferens c. Seminiferous tubule d. Urethra ANS: C DIF: Remembering REF: p. 467 OBJ: 1 TOP: Male reproductive system | Reproductive ducts 44. Which of the following structures is not part of the spermatic cord? a. Epididymis b. Nerves c. Blood vessels d. Vas deferens ANS: A DIF: Remembering REF: p. 467 OBJ: 1 TOP: Male reproductive system | Reproductive ducts 45. The number of sperm cells ejaculated at one time is about a. 100,000 to 200,000 b. 300 million to 500 million c. 1 million to 3 million d. 3 million to 5 million ANS: B DIF: Applying REF: p. 467 OBJ: 2 TOP: Male reproductive system | Accessory glands 46. The ejaculatory duct forms as a result of the joining of the: a. epididymis and the seminal vesicle duct. b. ductus deferens and the Cowper’s gland duct. c. ductus deferens and the seminal vesicle duct. d. epididymis and the Cowper’s gland duct. ANS: C DIF: Remembering REF: p. 467 OBJ: 1 TOP: Ejaculatory duct and urethra 47. If estrogen in the female is thNe UcoRuSnIteNrpGarTt Bof.tCesOtoMsterone in the male, then which part of the ovary would be the counterpart of the interstitial cells of the testes? a. Granulosa cells b. Egg cell (ovum) c. Corpus luteum d. The antrum ANS: A DIF: Applying REF: p. 470 OBJ: 3 TOP: Ovaries 48. The mucous membrane lining of the uterus is the: a. myometrium. b. endometrium. c. fundus. d. cervix. ANS: B DIF: Remembering REF: p. 472 OBJ: 1 TOP: Uterus 49. Which of the following can only be found in the female reproductive system? a. Zygote b. Gametes c. Gonads d. Zygotes and gametes ANS: A DIF: Applying REF: p. 462 OBJ: 2 TOP: Sexual reproduction 50. Which of the following is not part of the mature sperm cell? a. Acrosome b. Midpiece c. Tail d. Acrosome, midpiece, and tail ANS: D DIF: Remembering REF: p. 465 OBJ: 2 TOP: Sperm 51. The number of spermatids that come from one primary spermatocyte is: a. 1. b. 2. c. 4. d. 8. ANS: C DIF: Remembering REF: p. 465 OBJ: 2 TOP: Spermatogenesis 52. During the reproductive lifetime of most women, about how many of the primary follicles fully develop into mature follicles? a. 350 to 500 b. 550 to 700 c. 750 to 1000 d. Over 1000 ANS: A DIF: Remembering REF: p. 470 OBJ: 1 TOP: Ovaries-Structure and location 53. The number of functional gametes produced by one mature egg follicle is: a. 1. b. 2. c. 4. d. 8. ANS: A DIF: Remembering REF: p. 470 OBJ: 2 TOP: Oogenesis 54. The sperm precursor or stem cell is called: a. primary spermatocyte. b. spermatogonia. c. secondary spermatocyte. d. spermatozoa. ANS: B DIF: Remembering REF: p. 464 OBJ: 2 TOP: Spermatogenesis 55. This structure in the testes secretes testosterone: a. tunica albuginea. b. seminiferous tubules. c. spermatogonia. d. interstitial cells. ANS: D DIF: Remembering REF: p. 466 OBJ: 3 TOP: Production of testosterone 56. This hormone stimulates spermatogonia to undergo a unique type of cell division: a. follicle-stimulating hormone. b. luteinizing hormone. c. testosterone. d. gonadotropin-releasing hormone. ANS: A DIF: Remembering REF: p. 464 OBJ: 3 TOP: Spermatogenesis 57. The correct sequence of structures that sperm pass through to exit the body is: a. ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, epididymis, urethra. b. ductus deferens, epididymis, ejaculatory duct, urethra. c. epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra. d. epididymis, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens, urethra. ANS: C DIF: Remembering REF: p. 467 OBJ: 2 TOP: Male reproductive system | Reproductive ducts 58. Sperm mature and develop their ability to move and swim in this structure: a. epididymis. b. seminiferous tubules. c. ductus deferens. d. ejaculatory duct. ANS: A DIF: Remembering REF: p. 467 OBJ: 2 TOP: Male reproductive system | Reproductive ducts 59. This gland secretes a substance that lubricates the urethra and neutralizes any remaining acidic urine: a. seminal vesicles. b. bulbourethral glands. c. prostate gland. d. epididymis. ANS: B DIF: Remembering REF: p. 468 OBJ: 1 TOP: Accessory glands 60. Which of the following is not true of the penis? a. It is part of the external genitalia. b. It deposits sperm in the vagina during intercourse. c. It has two columns of corpora spongiosum, which surrounds the urethra. d. It has an enlarged glans covered with highly sensitive skin. ANS: C DIF: Remembering REF: p. 468 | p. 469 OBJ: 4 TOP: External genitals 61. As a girl goes from being a newborn to puberty: a. the number of ovarian follicles about doubles. b. less than half of the ovarian follicles become primary follicles. c. most of the primary follicles have become ovarian follicles. d. most of the primary follicles have become mature follicles. ANS: B DIF: Remembering REF: p. 470 OBJ: 1 TOP: Ovaries-Structure and location 62. The name for the tube that carries the ovum to the uterus after ovulation is: a. the uterine tubes. b. the fallopian tubes. c. the oviducts. d. the uterine tubes, fallopian tubes, or oviducts. ANS: D DIF: Remembering REF: p. 472 OBJ: 1 TOP: Uterine tubes 63. Which of the following is not part of the female external genitalia? a. Urethra b. Clitoris c. Labia minora d. Vestibule ANS: A DIF: Remembering REF: p. 475 OBJ: 4 TOP: External genitals 64. This structure is the target organ for gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH): a. the hypothalamus. b. the uterus. c. the anterior pituitary gland. d. the ovaries. ANS: C DIF: Remembering REF: p. 476 OBJ: 5 TOP: Menstrual cycle MATCHING Match each term with its definition or description. a. Testes b. Seminiferous tubules c. Interstitial cells d. Epididymis e. Vas deferens f. Urethra g. Seminal vesicles h. Prostate gland i. Corpora cavernosa j. Corpus spongiosum 1. A tightly coiled tube that lies on the top of and behind the testes 2. Produces 60% of the seminal fluid and supplies the sperm with fructose 3. Essential organ of the male reproductive system 4. Carries sperm and allows them to pass out of the scrotum and into the abdominal cavity 5. The penis contains one of these types of erectile tissue 6. Structures responsible for the secretion of testosterone 7. Produces a thin, milk-colored fluid that composes 30% of the seminal fluid 8. Tube in which sperm cells develop 9. The penis contains two of this type of erectile tissue 10. Tube that leads sperm to the outside; also part of the urinary system 1. ANS: D DIF: Remembering REF: p. 467 OBJ: 1 TOP: Male reproductive system 2. ANS: G DIF: Remembering REF: p. 468 OBJ: 1 TOP: Male reproductive system 3. ANS: A DIF: Remembering REF: p. 463 OBJ: 1 TOP: Male reproductive system 4. ANS: E DIF: Remembering REF: p. 467 OBJ: 1 TOP: Male reproductive system 5. ANS: J DIF: Remembering REF: p. 469 OBJ: 4 TOP: Male reproductive system 6. ANS: C DIF: Remembering REF: p. 463 OBJ: 3 TOP: Testes 7. ANS: H DIF: Remembering REF: p. 468 OBJ: 8. ANS: 1 B TOP: DIF: MUaRleSrIepNrGodTuBCeOsyMstem Remembering REF: p. 469 OBJ: 1 TOP: Male reproductive system 9. ANS: I DIF: Remembering REF: p. 469 OBJ: 4 TOP: Male reproductive system 10. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 467 OBJ: 4 TOP: Male reproductive system Match each term with its definition or description. a. Ovary b. Oviduct c. Fimbriae d. Cervix e. Fundus f. Myometrium g. Vagina h. Greater vestibular glands i. Lactiferous ducts j. Clitoris k. Spermatogenesis l. Primary spermatocyte m. Sperm n. Gonads o. Oogenesis p. Ova q. Polar bodies r. Endometrium s. Zygote t. Spermatogonia 11. Fringelike projection on the funnel-shaped end of the oviduct 12. The lower, narrow part of the uterus 13. Produces a mucuslike lubricating fluid near the outlet of the vagina 14. Essential organ of the female reproductive system 15. Opening of the female reproductive system to the outside; it receives sperm 16. Drains milk from the alveoli of the breasts 17. Tube that carries the egg from the ovary to the uterus 18. Part of the uterus that lies above the entry point of the oviducts 19. Structure containing erectile tissue in the female external genitalia 20. Muscle layer of the uterus 21. Male gamete 22. Female gamete 23. Formed as a result of fertilization 24. Name given to the essential organs of the male and female reproductive system 25. Process of sperm production 26. Precursor or stem cell for the production of sperm 27. Cell that undergoes meiosis to form spermatids 28. Process of egg production 29. Produced during oogenesis bNutUdRoSnIotNdGevTeBlo.pCaOndMeventually degenerate 30. Lines the interior of the uterus 11. ANS: OBJ: C 1 DIF: TOP: Remembering Female reproductive system REF: p. 472 12. ANS: OBJ: D 1 DIF: TOP: Remembering Female reproductive system REF: p. 472 13. ANS: OBJ: H 1 DIF: TOP: Remembering Female reproductive system REF: p. 473 14. ANS: OBJ: A 1 DIF: TOP: Remembering Female reproductive system REF: p. 470 15. ANS: OBJ: G 1 DIF: TOP: Remembering Female reproductive system REF: p. 473 16. ANS: OBJ: I 1 DIF: TOP: Remembering Female reproductive system REF: p. 474 17. ANS: OBJ: B 1 DIF: TOP: Remembering Female reproductive system REF: p. 472 18. ANS: OBJ: E 1 DIF: TOP: Remembering Female reproductive system REF: p. 472 19. ANS: OBJ: J 4 DIF: TOP: Remembering Female reproductive system REF: p. 475 20. ANS: OBJ: F 1 DIF: TOP: Remembering Female reproductive system REF: p. 472 21. ANS: OBJ: M 2 DIF: TOP: Remembering Sexual reproduction REF: p. 462 22. ANS: OBJ: P 1 DIF: TOP: Remembering Sexual reproduction REF: p. 462 23. ANS: OBJ: S 1 DIF: TOP: Remembering Sexual reproduction REF: p. 462 24. ANS: OBJ: N 1 DIF: TOP: Remembering Male reproductive system REF: p. 462 25. ANS: OBJ: K 2 DIF: TOP: Remembering Spermatogenesis REF: p. 463 26. ANS: OBJ: T 2 DIF: TOP: Remembering Spermatogenesis REF: p. 464 27. ANS: OBJ: L 2 DIF: TOP: Remembering Spermatogenesis REF: p. 464 28. ANS: OBJ: O 2 DIF: TOP: Remembering Oogenesis REF: p. 473 29. ANS: OBJ: Q 2 DIF: TOP: Remembering Oogenesis REF: p. 470 30. ANS: OBJ: R 1 DIF: TOP: Remembering Uterus REF: p. 473 Match each term with its definition or description. a. Menses b. Secretory phase c. Ovulation d. Proliferative phase e. Estrogen f. Progesterone g. Testosterone h. FSH i. LH j. Menarche 31. Male sex hormone 32. Part of the female reproductive cycle from the end of menses to ovulation 33. Term for the first menses 34. Pituitary hormone that stimulates the development of an egg follicle 35. Release of the egg by the egg follicle 36. Hormone released by the corpus luteum 37. Ovulating hormone 38. Term for menstrual flow 39. Hormone that is released by the ovary and reaches its highest concentration during the proliferative phase of the female reproductive cycle 40. Part of the female reproductive cycle that begins at ovulation and ends at the beginning of menses 31. ANS: G DIF: Remembering REF: p. 463 OBJ: 3 TOP: Male reproductive system 32. ANS: OBJ: D 5 DIF: TOP: Remembering Menstrual cycle REF: p. 476 33. ANS: OBJ: J 5 DIF: TOP: Remembering Menstrual cycle REF: p. 475 34. ANS: OBJ: H 3 DIF: TOP: Remembering Menstrual cycle REF: p. 476 35. ANS: OBJ: C 2 DIF: TOP: Remembering Menstrual cycle REF: p. 476 36. ANS: OBJ: F 3 DIF: TOP: Remembering Menstrual cycle REF: p. 472 37. ANS: OBJ: I 3 DIF: TOP: Remembering Menstrual cycle REF: p. 472 38. ANS: OBJ: A 5 DIF: TOP: Remembering Menstrual cycle REF: p. 475 39. ANS: OBJ: E 3 DIF: TOP: Remembering Menstrual cycle REF: p. 470 40. ANS: OBJ: B 5 DIF: TOP: Remembering Menstrual cycle REF: p. 476 TRUE/FALSE 1. The specialized cells used in sexual reproduction are called gametes. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 462 OBJ: 1 TOP: NSUexRuSaIl rNepGrTodBCioOnM 2. The essential organ of the male reproductive system is the penis. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 462 OBJ: 1 TOP: Male reproductive system 3. The testes require a slightly higher temperature than normal body temperature to function properly. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 463 OBJ: 1 TOP: Testes 4. The testes require a slightly lower temperature than normal body temperature to function properly. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 463 OBJ: 1 TOP: Testes 5. The tough, whitish membrane surrounding the testes is called the tunica adventitia. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 463 OBJ: 1 TOP: Testes 6. Testosterone is produced by the seminiferous tubules. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 466 OBJ: 3 TOP: Production of testosterone 7. Sperm develop in the walls of the seminiferous tubules. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 464 OBJ: 2 TOP: Spermatogenesis 8. The primary spermatocyte contains only 23 chromosomes. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 464 OBJ: 2 TOP: Spermatogenesis 9. The spermatozoa contain only 23 chromosomes. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 465 OBJ: 2 TOP: Spermatogenesis 10. Both the male and female gametes contain only 23 chromosomes. ANS: T DIF: Applying REF: p. 465 | p. 470 OBJ: 2 TOP: Spermatogenesis | Oogenesis 11. The acrosome is a special struNcUtuRreSiInNthGeTsBCOceMll that contains mitochondria for energy ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 466 OBJ: 2 TOP: Sperm 12. One of the functions of testosterone is the stimulation of protein anabolism. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 466 | p. 467 OBJ: 3 TOP: Production of testosterone 13. The midpiece is a part of the sperm cell that supplies ATP so the sperm has the energy to swim. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 466 OBJ: 2 TOP: Sperm 14. The epididymis is a tube that permits sperm to pass from the scrotal sac into the abdominal cavity. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 467 OBJ: 1 TOP: Male reproductive system | Reproductive ducts 15. The vas deferens is a tightly coiled tube that lies along the top and behind the testes in the scrotum. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 467 OBJ: 1 TOP: Male reproductive system | Reproductive ducts 16. Sperm mature and develop their ability to swim as they pass through the epididymis. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 467 OBJ: 2 TOP: Male reproductive system | Reproductive ducts 17. The urethra carries sperm to the outside and is also part of the urinary system. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 467 OBJ: 1 TOP: Male reproductive system 18. The bulbourethral gland produces a thick, yellowish fluid that makes up about 60% of the seminal fluid. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 468 OBJ: 1 TOP: Male reproductive system | Accessory glands 19. The prostate gland produces a thin, milk-colored fluid that makes up about 30% of the seminal fluid. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 468 OBJ: 1 TOP: Male reproductive system | Accessory glands 20. The seminal vesicles supply fructose for the seminal fluid to provide a source of energy for the sperm cells. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 467 | p. 468 OBJ: 1 TOP: Male reproductive system | Accessory glands 21. Seminal fluid is slightly acidic to protect the sperm from the alkaline condition of the female reproductive tract. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 468 OBJ: 1 TOP: Male reproductive system | Accessory glands 22. The penis contains two separate columns of erectile tissue: one corpus spongiosum and one corpus cavernosa. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 469 OBJ: 4 TOP: Male reproductive system | External genitals 23. The scrotum contains the testes, epididymis, the lower part of the ductus deferens, and the beginning of the spermatic cords. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 469 OBJ: 4 TOP: Male reproductive system | External genitals 24. The female gonads are the ovaries. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 470 OBJ: 2 TOP: Female reproductive system 25. In the female, the gonads produce ova. ANS: T DIF: Applying REF: p. 470 OBJ: 2 TOP: Female reproductive system 26. A newborn girl has more ovarian follicles than a girl at puberty. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 470 OBJ: 1 TOP: Ovaries 27. Almost all the primary follicles a girl has at puberty will develop into mature follicles. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 470 OBJ: 1 TOP: Ovaries 28. Each follicle has a layer of cells around it called the antrum. ANS: F DIF: NRUeRmSemINbeGriTngB REF: p. 470 OBJ: 1 TOP: Ovaries 29. The part of the follicle that remains in the ovary after ovulation is called the corpus luteum. ANS: T DIF: Applying REF: p. 470 OBJ: 1 TOP: Ovaries 30. The ova that results from oogenesis contains 23 chromosomes. ANS: T DIF: Applying REF: p. 470 OBJ: 2 TOP: Oogenesis 31. The cytoplasm of the ovum is divided equally with the polar bodies. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 470 OBJ: 2 TOP: Oogenesis 32. One of the functions of the polar bodies is to assist the ovum in its development in the follicle. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 470 OBJ: 2 TOP: Oogenesis 33. The ovum is larger than the sperm because the ovum must supply all the nutrients for the developing embryo until it gets to the uterus. ANS: T DIF: Applying REF: p. 470 OBJ: 2 TOP: Oogenesis 34. Estrogen is secreted by the granulosa cell that surrounds the oocyte. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 470 OBJ: 3 TOP: Production of estrogen and progesterone 35. One of the functions of estrogen is the initiation of the first menstrual cycle. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 470 OBJ: 3 TOP: Production of estrogen and progesterone 36. The oviducts are connected to the ovaries at one end and the uterus at the other end. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 472 OBJ: 1 TOP: Female reproductive system | Reproductive ducts 37. Fimbriae help move the egg cell into the oviduct. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 472 OBJ: 1 TOP: Female reproductive system | Reproductive ducts 38. Because the lining of the ovidNuUctRsSisIcNonGtTinBuo.uCs OwMith the uterus and vagina, it allows infections to spread from the reproductive tract to the abdominal cavity. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 472 OBJ: 1 TOP: Female reproductive system | Reproductive ducts 39. The narrow, lower part of the uterus is called the body. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 472 OBJ: 1 TOP: Female reproductive system | Uterus 40. The rounded part of the uterus above the entry point of the oviducts is called the cervix. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 472 OBJ: 1 TOP: Female reproductive system | Uterus 41. The uterus functions in three processes: menstruation, pregnancy, and labor. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 473 OBJ: 1 TOP: Female reproductive system | Uterus 42. The vagina both receives sperm cells and is the last structure the baby passes through at birth. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 473 OBJ: 1 TOP: Female reproductive system | Vagina 43. The amount of milk produced by the breast is directly related to the size of the breast. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 473 OBJ: 1 TOP: Female reproductive system | Breasts 44. The lactiferous ducts drain the alveoli of the breasts and move the milk toward the nipple. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 474 OBJ: 1 TOP: Female reproductive system | Breasts 45. The greater vestibular glands lie on either side of the vaginal outlet and secrete a lubricating fluid. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 473 OBJ: 1 TOP: Female reproductive system | Accessory glands 46. The erectile tissue in the female external genitalia is the mons pubis. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 475 OBJ: 4 TOP: External genitals 47. The first menses is referred toNaUsRmSeInaNrGchTeB. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 475 OBJ: 5 TOP: Menstrual cycle 48. The secretory phase is the part of the female reproductive cycle from ovulation to the beginning of menses. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 476 OBJ: 5 TOP: Menstrual cycle 49. The blood level of estrogen is at its highest during the secretory phase of the female reproductive cycle. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 476 OBJ: 5 TOP: Menstrual cycle 50. The proliferative phase is the part of the female reproductive cycle from the end of menses to ovulation. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 476 OBJ: 5 TOP: Menstrual cycle 51. The corpus luteum functions as an endocrine gland during the proliferative phase of the female reproductive cycle. ANS: F DIF: Applying REF: p. 476 OBJ: 2 TOP: Menstrual cycle 52. The release of an egg by an egg follicle is called ovulation. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 476 OBJ: 5 TOP: Menstrual cycle 53. Ovulation always occurs 14 days after the end of menses. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 476 OBJ: 5 TOP: Menstrual cycle 54. The length of the reproductive cycle varies because the time between the end of menses and ovulation varies. ANS: T DIF: Applying REF: p. 476 OBJ: 5 TOP: Menstrual cycle 55. Progesterone stimulates proliferation and vascularization of the epithelial lining of the uterus. ANS: T DIF: NRUeRmSemINbeGriTngB REF: p. 472 OBJ: 1 TOP: Menstrual cycle 56. LH stimulates the development of several immature ovarian follicles and is responsible for the release of estrogen. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 477 OBJ: 5 TOP: Menstrual cycle 57. Although LH is called the ovulation hormone, without FSH there would be nothing to ovulate. ANS: T DIF: Creating REF: p. 477 OBJ: 5 TOP: Menstrual cycle 58. Creatures that do not produce gametes are said to reproduce asexually. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 462 OBJ: 1 TOP: Sexual reproduction 59. Both the ovum and sperm are considered gametes. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 462 OBJ: 1 TOP: Sexual reproduction 60. One of the differences between sexual and asexual reproduction is the number of parents that an offspring has. ANS: T DIF: Applying REF: p. 462 OBJ: 1 TOP: Sexual reproduction 61. One function of the sex hormones is to stimulate the development of the secondary sex characteristics. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 478 OBJ: 1 TOP: Analogous features of the reproductive system (Table 21-3) 62. When the tunica adventitia enters the testicle, it is called the seminiferous tubule. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 463 OBJ: 1 TOP: Testes 63. The bulk of the testes are made up of interstitial cells that produce testosterone. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 463 OBJ: 1 TOP: Testes 64. Sperm precursors or stem cells are called spermatogonia. ANS: T DIF: NRUeRmSemINbeGriTngB.COM REF: p. 464 OBJ: 2 TOP: Spermatogenesis 65. Under the influence of FSH, the spermatogonium divides to form two primary spermatocytes. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 464 OBJ: 2 TOP: Spermatogenesis 66. The end result of spermatogenesis is the formation of four cells, each containing 23 chromosomes. ANS: T DIF: Applying REF: p. 465 OBJ: 2 TOP: Spermatogenesis 67. As spermatogenesis takes place, each cell division moves the sperm closer to the exterior wall of the seminiferous tubule. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 465 OBJ: 2 TOP: Spermatogenesis 68. The epididymis is a tightly coiled tube attached to the testes and is about 6 feet long. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 467 OBJ: 1 TOP: Male reproductive system | Reproductive ducts 69. The epididymis makes up part of the spermatic cord. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 467 OBJ: 1 TOP: Male reproductive system | Reproductive ducts 70. Only a small group of the primary follicles in the ovary develop into a mature follicle. ANS: T DIF: Applying REF: p. 470 OBJ: 1 TOP: Ovaries 71. A graafian follicle is another name for a mature ovum and its surrounding sac. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 470 OBJ: 2 TOP: Ovaries 72. Oogenesis has a similar function to spermatogenesis, the formation of a gamete. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 470 OBJ: 2 TOP: Oogenesis 73. The day that the egg leaves the ovary (ovulation) is considered the first day of the menstrual cycle. ANS: F DIF: NRUeRmSemINbeGriTngB.COM REF: p. 476 OBJ: 5 TOP: Menstrual cycle 74. When a sperm fertilizes an egg, a zygote is formed. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 462 OBJ: 1 TOP: Sexual reproduction 75. The structure connecting the testes to the prostate gland is called the seminiferous tubule. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 463 OBJ: 1 TOP: Testes 76. A circumcision is the surgical removal of the glands. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 469 OBJ: 4 TOP: Male reproductive system | External genitals 77. The terms uterine tubes, fallopian tubes, and oviducts refer to the same structure. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 472 OBJ: 1 TOP: Female reproductive ducts 78. Both LH and FSH are secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 476 OBJ: 3 TOP: Control of the menstrual cycle 79. The spermatozoa is one of the smallest and most highly specialized cells in the body. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 463 | p. 464 OBJ: 2 TOP: Spermatogenesis 80. From their exit from the testis to being passed out of the body, the sperm go through these structures in this order: ductus deferens, epididymis, ejaculatory duct, and urethra. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 467 OBJ: 1 TOP: Male | Reproductive ducts 81. Because the urethra is part of both the reproductive and the urinary system, the male reproductive system is sometimes called the urogenital system. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 467 OBJ: 1 TOP: Male reproductive system 82. The ejaculatory duct is formed by the joining of the duct from the seminal vesicle and the ductus deferens. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 467 OBJ: 1 TOP: NMUaRleS|IRNeGprTodBu.cCtivOeMducts 83. The male prostate gland is also called Skene gland. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 468 OBJ: 1 TOP: Male | Accessory glands 84. The bulbourethral gland secretions have two functions: to neutralize any residual acidic urine in the urethra and to lubricate the urethra. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 468 OBJ: 1 TOP: Male | Accessory glands 85. The penis and scrotum constitute the external genitalia of the male. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 468 OBJ: 4 TOP: Male reproductive system | External genitals 86. The corpus luteum produces estrogen for about 11 days following ovulation. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 472 OBJ: 5 TOP: Production of estrogen and progesterone 87. Fertilization usually occurs in the uterus. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 472 OBJ: 1 TOP: Female | Reproductive ducts 88. The muscle layer of the uterus is called the myometrium. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 472 OBJ: 1 TOP: Female | Uterus 89. Milk-secreting cells in the breast are arranged in grapelike clusters called areola. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 474 OBJ: 1 TOP: Female | Accessory glands 90. Another term for the female external genitals is the mons pubis. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 475 OBJ: 4 TOP: Female | External genitals 91. The area between the anus and the vaginal opening is called the perineum. ANS: T DIF: Remembering REF: p. 475 OBJ: 4 TOP: Female | External genitals 92. A woman is fertile only about 14 days out of the 28-day menstrual cycle. ANS: F DIF: Remembering REF: p. 476 OBJ: 5 TOP: Menstrual cycle