PSY550-Research Methods Final Exam 2022 With Answers Graded A+.

PSY550-Research Methods Final Exam 2022 With Answers Graded A+. 1. QUESTION: For each of the following examples, explain whether the researcher has made a correct decision or has made a Type 1 or Type 2 error. Explain why. 2. Dr. G rejects the null hypothesis although the independent variable had no effect. 3. Dr. R rejects the null hypothesis when it is false. 4. Although the independent variable had an effect, Dr. E does not reject the null hypothesis Your Answer: 1. Type I error is made when we reject the null hypothesis, but the null hypothesis is actually true. This problem would be a type I error because there is no proof that shows that the null hypothesis was false. Dr. G rejected the null hypothesis without knowing if the null hypothesis is false. 2. This would be a valid choice as Dr. G is rejecting a hypothesis that is false. We are to reject the null hypothesis if it is false and in the given scenario it is false. 3. The independent variable had some effect, however Dr. G does not reject the null hypothesis. When this happens it is a Type II error. A type II error is akin to a false positive. 2. QUESTION: Explain the value of reversal designs (ABA designs) in single-case research. Your Answer: Reversal designs are usually conducted in applied areas of research in order to investigate solutions that can be beneficial to either individuals or to society. The design can be used to apply treatments that benefit participants and verify the effects of the independent variable by "reversing" the roles. In a reversal design, a single participant is observed prior to (A), during (B), and after (A) a manipulation or treatment. 3. QUESTION: Explain how a one-way analysis of variance works. How do you use betweenand within-group variability? Your Answer:  A one-way analysis of variance is used when the investigator is looking to understand if there are significant differences between the means of three or more independent groups.  Between group variability is used to look at the differences among two or more different groups and how the groups are different from one another.  Within-group variability looks at the differences among members that are a part of the same group.