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Samenvatting Verloskunde - Jaar 2 - Module 9

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Een uitwerking van alle periodedoelen van module 9 (Hersenen en zintuigen: waarnemen en ervaren) verloskunde, aan de hand van de BOKS.

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Periodedoelen - Module 9
1a. Beschrijven hoe de neurale buis zich vormt tot de hersenblaasjes.


1b. Beschrijven hoe de hersenblaasjes het volwassen centrale zenuwstelsel vormen.


De ontwikkeling van het centrale zenuwstelsel
begint bij een dorsale verdikking van het ectoderm
(neurale plaat), wat gebeurt rond het midden van
de derde week. De laterale delen van de neurale
plaat welven naar dorsaal. Hierdoor ontstaan de
neurale wallen en de neurale groeve. De neurale
wallen beginnen met fuseren en vormen de neurale
buis (begin week 4). Caudale deel eindigd 2 dagen
later dan het craniale deel. Het caudale deel van de
neurale buis vormt de hersenen. Aanvankelijk is de
wand van de neurale buis samengesteld van dikke
neuroepitheelcellen. Uit deze cellen ontstaan alle
neuronen en microgliale cellen van het ruggenmerg
(macrofagen van het zenuwstelsel).

Het centrale zenuwstelsel ontstaat uit de
wanden van de neurale buis. Het perifere
zenuwstelsel ontstaat uit de neurale lijst.




Het zenuwstelsel komt voort uit de neurale buis. De neurale buis heeft 3 primaire
hersenblaasjes:
1. Prosencephalon (voor)
2. Mesencephalon (midden)
3. Rhombencephalon (achter)

Telencephalon → cerebrale cortex, corpus striatum
Diencephalon → thalamus, hypothalamus, retina
Mesencephalon → middenhersenen
Metencephalon → pons(verbinding tussen grote- en
kleine hersenen) en cerebellum
Myelencephalon → medulla oblongata (verlengde merg)
Centrale holte neurale buis → ventrikels

,

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Uploaded on
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