IOP2602 Summary Notes 2022

IOP2602 Summary Notes 2022. Organisational Psychology in Context What managers do Managers get things done through other people. They make decisions. Managers do their work in an organisation. Managers oversee activities of others and who are responsible for attaining goals in organisations. Management functions;  Planning – defining an organisation’s goals, establishing an overall strategy of achieving those goals and developing a comprehensive set of plans to integrate and coordinate activities.  Organising – designing an organisations structure  Leading – every organisation contains people and it is management’s job to direct and coordinate those people.  Controlling – to ensure that things are going as they should, management must monitor the organisation’s performance. Management roles;  Interpersonal o Figurehead – symbolic head, required to perform a number of routine duties of a legal or social nature. o Leader – responsible for the motivation and direction of employees. o Liaison – maintains a network of outside contracts that provide favours and information.  Informational o Monitor – receives a wide variety of information; serves as nerve centre of internal and external information of the organisation. o Disseminator – transmits information received from outsiders or from other employees to members of the organisation. o Spokesperson – transmits information to outsiders to the organisation’s plans, policies, actions and results; serves as expert on organisation’s industry.  Decisional o Entrepreneur – searches organisation and its environmental for opportunities and initiates projects to bring about change. o Disturbance handler – responsible for corrective action when organisation faces important, unexpected disturbances. o Resource allocator – makes or approves significant organisational decisions. o Negotiator – responsible for representing the organisation at major organisations. Page 2 of 59 Management skills; Effective vs. successful managerial activities; 1. Traditional management – decision making, planning and controlling. 2. Communication - exchanging routine information and processing paperwork. 3. Human resource management – motivating, disciplining, managing conflict, and training. 4. Networking – socialising, politicking, and interaction with outsiders. Enter organisational behaviour Organisational behaviour – a field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups and structure have on behaviour within organisations, for the purpose of applying such knowledge toward improving an organisation’s effectiveness. Page 3 of 59 Challenges and opportunities for OB 1. Globalisation:  Globalisation is the creation of a borderless world which sees the free movement of products, services, finances and skills between countries. 2. Workforce diversity:  A diverse workforce is one that is heterogeneous in terms of gender, race, ethnicity, age, and other characteristics. 3. Innovation and change:  Innovation is the process of taking a creative idea and turning it into a useful product, service or method of operation. 4. Quality management:  Quality management is a philosophy that is driven by continual improvement and responding to customer needs and expectations.  Quality is the ability of a product or service to reliably do what it’s supposed to do and to satisfy customer expectations. 5. People skills 6. Employee empowerment:  Employee empowerment means to increase the decision making discretion of employees. 7. Ethical behaviour  Ethical behaviour encompasses actions which adhere to moral principles. 8. Temporariness:  Temporariness refers temporary nature of events in a society driven by technology. The consequence of this is that organisations are in a constant state of change. Disciplines that contribute to the OB field Psychology is the science that seeks to measure, explain, and sometimes change the behaviour of humans and other animals. Social psychology blends the concept from both psychology and sociology. It focuses on people’s influence on one another. Sociology studies people in relation to their social environment or culture. Anthropology is the study of societies to learn about human beings and their activities. Page 4 of 59 Coming attractions: Developing an OB model A dependent variable is the key factor that you want to explain or predict and that it affected by some other factor. In the OB model these are:  Satisfaction: Job satisfaction is an employee’s general attitude towards his / her job.  Citizenship: Organisational citizenship behaviour refers to discretionary behaviour that is not part of an employee’s formal job requirements, but nevertheless promotes the effective functioning of the organisation.  Turnover: Turnover is the voluntary and involuntary permanent withdrawal from an organisation.  Absenteeism: Absenteeism is the failure to report to work.  Productivity: Employee productivity is a performance measure of both efficiency and effectiveness Deviant workplace behaviour – voluntary behaviour that violates significant organisational norms and, in doing so, threatens the well-being of the organisation or its members. Independent variables are the presumed cause of some change in a dependent variable. We offer online tutoring, help with assignments and essay writing for all Majors with a guaranteed pass. For assistance Contact Tutor Lucas: