WGU Pathology Pre-Assessment Complete With Complete Solutions.

Warm to touch A patient's records indicate a diagnosis of a staph skin infection which caused a boil to develop on the patient's buttock region. Symptoms included red, swollen skin with pus. Which additional symptom can appear in the affected area? Malaria A patient presents with anemia, jaundice, fever, and malaise due to the destruction of red blood cells. Which infectious disease does this describe? Sore throat & Nasal congestion A patient's record shows a diagnosis of H1N1 flu. Which two symptoms may be present in this chart entry? Skin blisters A patient presents at a clinic with a burn on the left arm. The burn is classified as second degree, and the skin appears red and swollen. The patient reports it is very painful. What is an additional symptom of a patient with a second-degree burn? Respiratory distress A patient is taken to the emergency department after a near drowning. What is a sign or symptom that the patient may experience within minutes or even days? Adenoma & Osteoma What are two types of benign tumors? Paget disease A patient presented with swelling of the femur. MRI results indicated enlargement and thickening of the bone. The urinalysis showed hydroxyproline. The patient was prescribed NSAIDs and physical therapy, and surgery was recommended. Which disease does this describe? Finger dislocation XR shows torn soft tissue ligaments surrounding MCP joint injury. Treatment includes surgical reconstruction to realign bone and ligaments. Fibromyalgia Restlessness and exhaustion; constant, dull muscle aches; tenderness. Chronic pain that lasts a long time. Can worsen with mood flair ups. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Burning, weakness, and tingling in one hand. The patient is unable to demonstrate a strong grip and is experiencing stronger discomfort at night. Doctor recommends medial nerve compression. Sprain Wrist and arm pain with limited mobility. Not able to rotate fully, no inflammation present. Short arm splint, apply ice as needed. Vitiligo A patient's record indicates a skin condition in which depigmentation appears on different parts of the body that are often exposed to sunlight. A skin biopsy reveals a lack of melanocytes. Urticaria A raised, red area recently developed on an eight-year-old patient's back after eating peanuts. Contact dermatitis Upon physical exam, a patient was found to have a small, oozing vesicles on the skin of both hands. Both hands were hot to the touch and swollen. The patient reported itching, burning, and stinging of the skin. Frequently wears latex gloves. Tinea pedis A 19-year-old patient reports persistent itching and peeling dry skin between the first and second toes. The patient also has a burning sensation. An internal medicine practitioner prescribes antifungal ointment and wash for the next four weeks. Eczema A patient has severe itching on the face. The physical exam reveals dry skin and small lesions. The patient has a family history of allergic rhinitis. The physician prescribes topical anti-itch cream and instructs daily skin care. Herpes zoster (shingles) A patient presents for follow-up of several painful vesicular lesions on the face, mouth, and tongue. The patient is diagnosed with a condition caused by the same virus that causes chicken pox. Ischemic stroke Patient presents to the ED complaining of a sudden onset of speech impairment, severe headache, falling down while standing, and inability to move the arm and leg on the right side. A cerebral angiogram shows occlusion of blood vessels. Alcoholism Which disease can vitamin B12 deficiency be attributed to? Vitamin B12 deficiency & Lead poisoning What are two possible causes for peripheral neuropathy? Subdural hematoma A patient has slurred speech, difficulty walking, and dilated pupils. Which condition does this describe? Parkinson disease A patient has tremors, bradykinesia, and abnormal gait. The patient is taking anticholinergics; however, the symptoms are aggravated. A neurologist treats the patient with deep brain stimulation. Cataract Following pupil dilation, an opthalmoscopy shows a cloudy and crystalline lens of the left eye. An intracapsular extraction intraocular lens inmplant is recommended. Glaucoma A 47-year-old diabetic patient presents with aching eyes, visual disturbances, and a loss of peripheral vision. Which diagnosis is described? Otosclerosis A patient record shows that an ear exam revealed growth of new bone that is fixed. The patient has permanent hearing loss. Meniere disease A 43-year-old patient presents to the urgent care center reporting ongoing symptoms of dizziness with ringing and buzzing in the ear and hearing loss on the left side. The patient indicated no history of head injury that would cause this, and symptoms have included nausea, vomiting, and having to hold on to things while walking. Aneurysm A patient has local dilation of a blood vessel with weakening of its walls. Myocardial infarction Which cardiovascular condition occurs when blood flow to a section of heart muscle becomes blocked (usually by a clot), potentially causing heart muscle damage and death? Myocardial infarction Which condition occurs when a blood clot blocks blood flow to the heart and damages the heart muscle due to lack of oxygen? Myocardial infarction Which condition occurs when the blood flow to part of the heart muscle becomes blocked, typically by a clot? Myocardial infarction A patient's record documents reports of fatigue, shortness of breath, and vomiting. The patient was given medication for crushing chest pain that radiated to the neck and jaw. The patient's blood test showed elevated cardiac enzyme levels. Congestive Heart Failure A 52-year-old patient presents with palpitation, edema, and tachypnea. This patient also has chronic conditions, including hypertension and CAD. The patient has a history of smoking and myocardial infarction. The patient is placed on a digoxin drip and a low-sodium diet. Which condition is being described? Pericarditis Which type of heart condition may be caused by metastasized neoplasms, rheumatic fever, uremia, or hypothyroidism? Pericarditis A patient has a history of rheumatic fever and hypothyroidism. The patient currently has clammy skin, as well as low blood pressure. During examination, the patient experiences a sharp, sudden pleuritic pain when taking deep breaths. Mitral stenosis A cardiac catheterization report shows obstructed blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The patient also had childhood rheumatic fever and atrial fibrillation. Malignant A patient's record indicates a type of hypertension that is typically above 180/120 and can cause serious damage to organ tissue. It was treated as a medical emergency. Which type of hypertension did this patient have? Arm numbness What is a symptom of malignant hypertension? Aplastic anemia A bone marrow biopsy result shows fatty tissue with megakaryocyte and large bone marrow cells with multiple nuclei. The patient is placed on a bone marrow recipient list. Which condition does this describe? Aplastic anemia Which type of anemia is the result of injury or destruction of the blood-forming tissue in bone marrow? HIV Which infection invades and replicates T 4 lymphocyte cells, leaving the body open to opportunistic infections? MRSA This multidrug-resistant organism can be difficult to treat and can progress into blood, bone, lung, or skin infections that may be life-threatening. Which type of infectious disease is described? Mononucleosis Which condition is an acute upper respiratory tract infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus and characterized by a sore throat, a fever, and swollen cervical lymph glands? Legionnaires' disease Which condition is considered a lower respiratory tract infection? Pulmonary tuberculosis & Respiratory mycoses Which two infections affect the lower respiratory tract? Pulmonary tuberculosis A patient's lung X-ray shows lesions of calcified inflamed granular tissue. Biopsy shows necrosis of lung tissue. Which disease does this patient have?