WGU C217 OA QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS RATED A

WGU C217 OA QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS RATED A Jean Piaget proposed the theory of cognitive developmental theory Erikson proposed the theory of psychosocial theory Freud proposed the theory of psychoanalytical or psychosexual theory Vygotsky proposed the theory of sociocultural cognitive theory; emphasis on culture and social interaction lifelong development states that no age period dominates development multidimensional development states that there are many components to development; includes how the body, mind, emotions, and relationships change and affect each other co-constructional development states that development involves biological, cultural, and individual factors plastic development states that there is CAPACITY TO CHANGE contextual development states that settings matter; development occurs within families, schools, peer groups, neighbors etc multidirectional development states that some dimensions of development expand and shrink i.e. relationships with peers expand in teen years and relationships with family shrink Operant conditioning (Skinner) rewards and punishments shape development Observational learning part of Bandura's social cognitive model; learning occurs by observing others trust v mistrust 0-1 y autonomy v shame/doubt 1-3y initiative v guilt 3-5y industry v inferiority 6-puberty identity v role confusion 10-20 intimacy v isolation 20s,30s generativity v stagnation 40s, 50s integrity v despair 60s, onward communicative behavior in chronological order crying, cooing, babbling, gestures, spoken words crying birth to 2 months cooing 2-4 months babbling 6 months gestures 7-15 months spoken words 13-18 months during which period of prenatal development do the connections form between neurons fetal period Tay-Sachs diseases genetic condition characterized by an abnormal accumulation of lipids in the nervous system which leads to a decel of mental and physical development when does object permanence occur around 4-7 months evolutionary psychology theory states that states that adaptation to physical differences led to the psychological differences between males and females middle childhood growth in terms of height height increases by 2-3 inches per year seriation (in Piaget's concrete operational stage) the concrete operation that involves ordering stimuli along a quantitative dimension (like length) Sternberg's Triarchic theory theory of intelligence that states that intelligence comes in three forms: analytical, creative, and practical mindsets can be either fixed or growth; describe each fixed mindset = the mindset that qualities are carved in stone and cannot be changed growth mindset = the mindset that qualities can be changed and improved through their effort Kohlberg's theory cognitive developmental theory of moral development which hormone is dominant in female pubertal development estradiol personal fable when adolescents think that their experiences are only unique to them -- creates their feelings of invincibility Seattle Longitudinal Study states that number manipulation and perceptual speed abilities decrease as we age activity theory the theory that the more active and involved older adults are, the more likely they are to be satisfied with their lives how do middle aged adults view death think about how much time they have left Klinefelter syndrome genetic disorder in males with an extra X chromosome (XXY) when is fetal movement felt 4 months roughly sickle cell anemia is most common in african americans what stage of childbirth is usually the longest the first stage of childbirth AFP test a blood test that detects spina bifida and anencephaly Bayley Scales of Development can be used to determine whether an infant's development at one month is normal or delayed SIDS peaks at 1-4 months 1st teeth emerge at 6 months The average infant begins to walk at 1 years old Solid foods are usually introduced at 6 months Potty training usually occurs at 20-24 months what is the stepping reflex and what does it indicate stepping reflex occurs when you hold the infant above a surface and have them lowered to touch the surface -- they will make movements to walk indicates alternating kicking movement abilities that will later on be used for walking definition of full term infant born between 38-42 months when does the posterior fontanel close 6-8 weeks when does the anterior fontanel close 18 months when does an infant usually crawl 8-9 months when does attachment to caregiver usually intensify 6-7 months