FMC PCT Exam 2022 Complete 100% Correct!!

Top 2 leading causes of CKD diabetes hypertension Anatomy of the Urinary Tract include kidneys ureters bladder urethra blood vessel responsible for carrying toxic blood with electrolytes and excess water into the kidneys for filtration Renal Artery process that occurs inside of the kidneys through glomeluri, where toxins are filtered from the blood glomelular filtration blood vessel responsible for taking cleaned blood from the kidney to the rest of the body Renal vein anatomical structure responsible for carrying excess toxins and water out of the body through urine. Ureter Bladder How many stages of CKD are there 5 true or false: high blood glucose causes scarring of mesangial cells in the kidney, which inhibits the kidney from being able to filter the blood properly true Reasons why HD is important Removes waste, water, and balance electrolytes fixes low hemoglobin and hematocrit lowers hypertension true or false: most patients start of PD before moving to HD true Use of a diasafe filter allows the production of ultrapure dialysate ____ is the ability of a substance to conduct an electrical charge conductivty Normal ___ is used to rinse and prime the tubing of the ECC to remove sterilant and air saline Air is removed from the ECC before initiating treatment because it may cause ____ when trapped in the dialyzer clotting The most likely cause of contamination of the ECC are ___ in the prime bucket with ____ end caps bloodline out a low level arterial drip chamber can result in ___ entering the system causing an air embolism or clotting air ____ is the ability of a substance to conduct an electrical charge conductivity When blood escapes from the dialyzer blood compartment into the dialysate fluid compartment, this is known as a blood leak The ranges for the final dialysate pH should be 6.9-7.6 How often should staff clean the dialysis machines with acid everyday when should alarm and pressure saftey tests be performed on the dialysis machines before every treatment what is removed by normal saline during the priming process air in the dialyzer Before start treatment, check that the machines conductivity alarm parameters are set at a _____ range from TCD +/- .5 you should disinfect the dialysis machine with heat after doing what acid clean What 4 things should the dialysate be checked for before starting treatment bacteria pH Conductivity chlorines/ chloramines The wall clock indicates has had 3 hours of tx and the machine indicates that the pt has only received 2.5 hours tx. What happened? Machine went into bypass for 30min Prior to applying the bp cuff, the PCT should ___ both the patients arms for the presence of an ____ examine access Available weight is described as the pre-tx weight - EDW a red and warm vascular access may be a sign of ___ an infection Pre-treatment evaluation of an internal access includes palpatating for a ___ thrill What three items of PPE are required for venipuncture gown gloves face shield damage to the intimal lining of the vessel is likely to occur when the needle is ____ flipped