NUR 2063 Essentials of Pathophysiology Final Exam Review Study Guide 1. Cirrhosis (end stage liver disease) - irreversible end-stage of many different hepatic injuries Alcoholism, acute hepatitis, toxic hepatitis (taking too much Tylenol), and liver is fi

NUR 2063 Essentials of Pathophysiology Final Exam Review Study Guide 1. Cirrhosis (end stage liver disease) - irreversible end-stage of many different hepatic injuries Alcoholism, acute hepatitis, toxic hepatitis (taking too much Tylenol), and liver is fibrotic and scarred 2. What is another name for cirrhosis? - End stage lover disease 3. What happens to albumin production with liver failure? - Albumin production decreases during liver failure 4. What role does albumin play in the blood? - Albumin primarily binds to water and keeps water in our body (VERY IMPORTANT) 5. signs and symptoms of acute kidney injury (AKI) - Hypotension, renal artery obstruction (blood clot), fever, vomiting, diarrhea, burns, overuse of diuretics, hemorrhage, severe sepsis, and hear failure. 6. What are the function of the kidneys? - Get rid of excess fluid, manage blood volumes (BP), nutrients and ion concentrations (Acids & Base). 7. How do we assess for renal disorders? - checking for flank pain (CVA Tenderness) at the costovertebral angle. 8. What is cystic kidney disease? - Genetically transmitted renal disorder resulting in fluid-filled cysts; localized to one area or can affect both kidneys. 9. What causes cystic kidney disease? - Genetics 10. Nephrons - 11. Hematuria - 12. Proteinuria - 13. Nephrolithiasis (Renal calculi) - 14. Pyelonephritis - 15. Cystitis - 16. Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) Causes - 17. Sites of Disruption - 18. Prerenal - 19. Postrenal - 20. Intrinsic - 21. What is compartment syndrome? - 22. Why does Compartment Syndrome occur and what are the signs? - 23. What are the 5 P's? - 24. What are pressure ulcers? - 25. How are pressure ulcers staged and how can we prevent them? - 26. What are electrolyte reservoirs? - 27. What electrolytes are found stored in bones? - 28. Osteomyelitis 29. Osteoporosis 30. Rickets 31. Osteomalacia 32. Osteosarcoma (Very rare) 33. Osteoarthritis 34. Osteoarthritis S/S - 35. Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) 36. Psoriatic Arthritis (RA) 37. Psoriatic Arthritis (RA) S/S - 38. Gout 39. Gout S/S - 40. Dwarfism 41. Dwarfism S/S - 42. Gigantism - 4