Ap World Chapter 17 Review Already Passed

AP WORLD CHAPTER 17 REVIEW ALREADY PASSED What factors led to the industrial revolution? Ag innovations, selective breeding, population increase between 1400 and 1800 in Europe because competative nature, many people had capital, iron, and coal, energy crisis. What new sources of energy began to be used? Fossil fuels, coal, oil, and natural gas The earliest innovations in the industrial revolution were in what industry? The textile Industry What was the greatest technological breakthrough of the industrial revolution? The coal-fired steam engine Explain the two major factors that allowed the industrial revolution to occur in Europe rather than elsewhere? -certain patterns in europes internal development that favored innovation -europes failure to recreate the earlier unity of the Roman Empire may have acted as a stimulus to innovation List the additional factors Thea may have helped stimulate the industrial revolution in Europe. -newness of European states and their monarchs desperate need for revenue in the absence of an effective tax collecting bureaucracy pushed royals into an unusual alliance with their merchant classes What factors and processes endured a ready supply of industrial workers in Great Britain? -several accidents of geography and history contributed -europes scientific revolution took a distinctive form in Great Britain What role did British aristocracy play in the industrial revolution? They had been interested in the world of business, and some took part in new mining and manufacturing enterprises How did the British government aid men of business? They had laws that made it easy to form companies, tariffs that kept out cheap Indian text tiles, roads and canals, and patents to protect inventors. Explain how britains distinct scientific revolution led to the industrial revolution? Scientific revolution was fostered technological innovation It was different in Britain because it was more concerned with observation, experiment, accuracy; had close contacts with scientists and artisans What were the accidents of geography and history that contributed to britains industrial revolution? -ready supply of coal and iron ore in close proximity -location protected against invasions -relitivly fluid society allowed social adjustments Although individual landowning aristocrats were affected very little by the industrial revolution, how was the British aristocracy as a class affected? Very little, growing population sustained need for food What ideas, values, and political beliefs characterized the middle class? Politically liberals, favoring constitutional government, private property, free trade, and social reforms. Ideas of thrift and hard work, a rigid morality and cleanliness characterized middle class culture. Valued respectability What were the roles of women in middle class society? Homemakers, wives, and mothers, charged with creating an emotional haven for their men and a refuge from a heartless and cutthroat capitalist world Describe the cities in which most urban workers lives? Overcrowded l, smokey, inadequate sanitation, periodic epidemics, endless row houses, few public services and open spaces, polluted water supplies Describe the work environment/conditions within industrial factories Long hours, low wages, child labor What benefits did working-class self-help groups offer their members? Insurance against sickness, a decent funeral, and an opportunity for social life in an otherwise bleak environment. How did Karl Marx view industrial capitalism? Was an inherently unstable system, doomed to collapse in a revolutionary upheaval List all of the societal improvements that benefited the working class during the second half of the 19th century -wages rose -cheap imported food improved diets -infant mortality rates fell -shops catered to working-class families multiplied What factors combined to make the us the worlds leading industrial power by 1914? The huge size, ready availability of natural resources, it's expanding domestic market, and it's relative political stability combined to make us the leader How did the us government encourage industrialization? They used forgein-investment fends for their own independent industrialization revolution What new industrial techniques were pioneered in the us? Mass production, using interchangeable parts, assembly line, and "scientific knowledge" List some famous self-made American industrialists Sears Roebucks, Montgomery Wards mail-order catalogs, and urban from Europe What did Populists in the us? Banks, industrialists, monopolies, the existing money system, and both major political problems What were the goals of progressives in the us? Scientific reforms, such as wages and hours legislation, better sanitation, antitrust laws and greater government intervention in the economy What is the difference in how economic and social changes were brought about in the us versus how they were brought about in Russia? US: change came from society as free farmers, workers, and businessmen sought new opportunities and operated in a political system Russia: change initiated by the state, in its effort to catch up with European powers Describe the Russian Revolution of 1905 Peasant uprisings, student demonstrations, revolts of non-Russian nationalities, and mutinies in the military all contributed What limited reforms did the tsar make following this revolution? Granted a constitution, legalized both trade union and political parties, and permitted the election of a National Assembly, censorship ceased, and plans underway for universal primary education What event