FSSD NREMT Review Questions and Answers 2022/2023

You should assess CMS at what time(s) when applying a traction splint to a closed femur fracture? - ANSWER Both before and after traction splint application You arrive at a nightclub to find an unconscious 24-year-old female lying on her back. During which part of your assessment would you discover a small caliber gunshot wound to the back? - ANSWER Rapid Trauma Assessment While completing your head-to-toe assessment, which of the following are you not looking for when examining the pupils? A)Shape B)Clarity C)Reaction to light D)Size - ANSWER B) Clarity You respond to a local elementary school gym for a report of a 12 y/o student w/ a broken right arm. As you approach the pt from across the room, you can see angulation and gross deformity to the right humerus. Which joints will you immobilize to prepare the pt for transport? - ANSWER Shoulder and Elbow You are treating a 6 y/o female pt. Her parents called because she fell off a play structure earlier in the day and when they tried to wake her from her nap, she was not alert. She is bradycardic, blood pressure is 70/40, she has an altered mentation and her skin is warm to the touch. You suspect? - ANSWER Neurogenic Shock When describing a pt's alertness, which of the following would you not use? A) Oriented B)Active C)Disoriented D) Alert - ANSWER B) Active Who is responsible for sorting pt's based on severity of injury in an MCI? - ANSWER Triage Officer After an adult cardiac arrest pt has been intubated by your paramedic partner, you are tasked with providing ventilation's as another member of your crew performs chest compressions. When ventilating the pt, you should? - ANSWER Deliver each breath over roughly 1 second at a rate of 8-10 breaths per min You notice that your 10 month-old patient is performing belly breathing. This signifies which of the following? A) Labored Breathing B) Rapid Breathing C) Normal Breathing D) Loud Breathing - ANSWER C) Normal Breathing When inserting an oropharyngeal airway in an adult patient, you should be sure it is inserted so that? - ANSWER The airway is initially inserted upside down and then rotated 180 degrees Which of the following is usually the most dangerous? A) Venous Bleed B) Capillary Bleed C) Arterial Bleed D) Dark red Bleed - ANSWER Arterial Bleed With regards to blood pressure, which of the following statements is true? A) Blood pressure has a direct affect on the perfusion of the body's tissues B) Blood pressure is the single most important sign during the initial assessment - ANSWER A) Blood pressure has a direct affect on the perfusion of the body's tissues You are called to a home where a 91 year old man has had a syncopal episode and is vomiting. The caregiver who called 911 stated that the patient's bowel movements have been bright red since yesterday. The patient has not complained of any pain, but is nauseated. What is most likely wrong with this man and which choice includes appropriate treatment steps? - ANSWER He has a lower GI bleed and should be given O2 via nasal cannula at 4LPM and transported in a position of comfort while treating for shock If a patient was feeling nauseated this would likely be a_______________response. If a person was tachycardic it would likely be a___________________ response. - ANSWER Parasympathetic / sympathetic One pupil dilated and the other constricted would suggest what type of injury? - ANSWER Cerebral After the baby's head has delivered you should? - ANSWER Suction the mouth and nose then check if the cord is wrapped around the infant's neck Why does Nitroglycerin lower the blood pressure? - ANSWER Because it dilates the vessels reducing the preload on the heart You have just arrived on scene of a single vehicle accident involving a truck that has slid off the road and rolled. Your patient was driving about 40 MPH when he hit an icy spot and went off the road rolling the vehicle one time. After completing your scene size up, which of the following treatment choices would be the most appropriate? - ANSWER Perform a rapid trauma assessment Cells that die during a stroke are called? - ANSWER Infarcted cells Assault is used to describe behavior that? - ANSWER -Is threatening -Causes fear of offensive physical contact -Attempts offensive physical contact You are called to the scene of a man down. Dispatch reports the man is pulseless and bystanders are doing CPR. According to the NREMT Cardiac Arrest Management/AED skill sheet, which of the following sequences is appropriate? A) Check for responsiveness, Assess for breathing, Check carotid pulse , put your gloves on B)Question the bystanders, direct them to stop CPR , check for pulse and then attach the AED, Begin chest compressions C) Turn on power to AED, open the patient's airway, insert an adjunct and then analyze the rhythm D) Complete one cycle of CPR, Attach the AED, Have everyone stand clear during rhythm check - ANSWER D) Complete one cycle of CPR, Attach the AED, Have everyone stand clear during rhythm check Which of the following choices is a normal systolic blood pressure in a child? A) Less than 80 mm Hg B) 70 mm Hg C) Greater than 70 mm Hg D) Greater than 120 mm Hg - ANSWER C) Greater than 70 mmHg A Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) will usually stop after: - ANSWER 10-15 Minutes During an assessment of a 78 year old woman you find her skin to be cool, moist, and pale. What would you suspect? - ANSWER Hypoperfusion A 57 year old woman is complaining of chest pain. Her blood pressure is 109/88 and her respirations are at 22 per minute. What condition does the patient's blood pressure indicate? - ANSWER Low pulse pressure Upon assessment of a 55 year old male, you find his blood pressure to be 124/75 his pulse is 122 and his respirations are 18. It would be stated that this man is? - ANSWER Tachycardic EMTs are required to contact medical control to administer Epinephrine? (True or False) - ANSWER True What is the dosage of for an albuterol treatment? - ANSWER 2.5 mg Is approval from medical control required for the administration of oral glucose? - ANSWER No When assembling a nebulizer, which flow rate should you set the O2 bottle too? - ANSWER 6 LPM When administering Narcan, what dosage is sprayed in each of the nares? - ANSWER 0.5 mg What route is epinephrine administered? - ANSWER Intramuscular When should you specifically ask the pt if they are taking Brillnta? - ANSWER When preparing to administer Aspirin Administering nitroglycerin to a pt may cause? - ANSWER Hypotension How long should you hold the epinephrine twin-injector for? - ANSWER 10 seconds What are the 6 rights to Medication Administration? - ANSWER Right Patient Right Medication Right Dose Right Time Right Route Right Documentaion The primary assessment of an adult with chest pain includes: - ANSWER Determine the transport priority You are caring for a six-year-old patient with respiratory distress. The pulse oximeter (Sa02) reads 93%. Your management of the patient should include: - ANSWER Administer sufficient oxygen to maintain a pulse oximeter reading of at least 94%. Which of the following interventions should be performed first for an unresponsive patient with a suspected spinal cord injury? - ANSWER Jaw thrust maneuver You are caring for a 22-year-old female who complains of respiratory distress after exercising. She is alert, speaking full sentences, and has a persistent cough. She is most likely experiencing: - ANSWER Respiratory distress with adequate breathing Your 5-year-old patient is unresponsive. A carotid pulse is present at 40 beats per minute. Breaths are shallow at six per minute. You should immediately: - ANSWER Begin chest compressions Which of the following medications is intended to decrease myocardial workload and increase myocardial blood flow? - ANSWER Nitroglycerin You are caring for a multi-system trauma patient with possible internal bleeding. Select the correct statement about the rapid scan for a multi-system trauma patient: - ANSWER The rapid scan is used to identify life-threatening conditions. Life-threatening bleeding should be found and treated during the: - ANSWER Primary assessment Your patient is unresponsive following blunt trauma to the head. Which of the following is the EMT's first priority for an unresponsive patient? - ANSWER Determine if CPR is indicated You are called for a drowning victim at a family barbecue. Upon arrival, two family members approach you yelling, swearing, and demanding to know what took so long. One of the family members pushes you. You should: - ANSWER retreat and request immediate assistance from law enforcement. Your 6-year-old patient jumped from a swing and injured his right leg. You note deformity to the right leg above the ankle. The patient most likely has a fracture to the: - ANSWER Distal tibia The foramen magnum: - ANSWER is an opening at the base of the skull. Which of the following is the most frequent cause of airway obstruction? - ANSWER the tongue Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) can reduce respiratory distress by: - ANSWER helping to keep the alveoli open Which of the following is true during inhalation of a spontaneously breathing patient? - ANSWER There is a drop in pressure within the thorax You are first on the scene of a motor vehicle collision involving multiple vehicles. Which of the following should you do first: - ANSWER Request additional resources Which of the following is the first priority at a hazardous material incident? - ANSWER ensure your own safety. Carbon monoxide exposure is dangerous because it: - ANSWER reduces delivery of oxygen. You are caring for an apneic patient with a suspected overdose. You have loaded the patient into the ambulance and entered the patient compartment. You should first: - ANSWER put on your seat belt You are called for a 6-month-old infant with respiratory distress. Which of the following is true about patients in this age group? - ANSWER infants are obligate nose breathers. Which of the following signs of hypoxia is more commonly found in pediatric patients? - ANSWER seesaw respirations You are treating a patient with respiratory distress. He has a history of multiple myocardial infarctions. Lung sounds indicate pulmonary edema. You note the patient does NOT have any JVD or pedal edema. The patient is most likely experiencing: - ANSWER left heart failure The left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the: - ANSWER pulmonary veins Which of the following provides oxygenated blood directly to the heart? - ANSWER coronary arteries Which of the following vessels carries deoxygenated blood? - ANSWER pulmonary arteries. Your patient has been exposed to a chemical that over-stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system. You would expect this patient to exhibit: - ANSWER vomiting You are considering administration of oral glucose to your diabetic patient. This drug is contraindicated when it: - ANSWER poses a significant risk of harm. Nerve agents and choking agents are examples of: - ANSWER chemical agents. Which of the following describes the purpose of administering aspirin to a suspected myocardial infarction patient? - ANSWER Aspirin reduces platelet aggregation in the coronary arteries. You are dispatched to a soccer game for a 12-year-old female with signs and symptoms of an allergic reaction. Upon arrival, the patient's mother hands you an epinephrine auto-injector. You should: - ANSWER Begin the primary assessment You are dispatched for a possible CVA. Upon arrival, you determine the patient is responsive to painful stimuli. Which of the following should be assessed first for this patient? - ANSWER Airway Treatment should begin at a mass casualty incident: - ANSWER After triage has been completed You are caring for a patient who was ejected during a single vehicle rollover. The patient responds incoherently to verbal commands. You should first: - ANSWER Assess the patient's airway How should you open the airway of an unresponsive patient with an unknown mechanism of injury? - ANSWER jaw-thrust maneuver Your patient is a construction worker who fell from a residential rooftop. He is responsive to pain. Breaths are shallow and irregular. You should: - ANSWER provide artificial ventilations with a bag-mask device and high flow oxygen. Your pediatric patient has spontaneous respirations. This means the patient is breathing: - ANSWER without assistance A nonrebreather mask should be administered to patients who: - ANSWER are breathing adequately with signs of hypoxia You are dispatched to the local jail for a prisoner found unresponsive in her cell. Her airway is clear. Respirations are rapid and shallow. The pulse oximeter (SaO2) reads 90%. Your first action should be to: - ANSWER begin positive pressure ventilations Which of the following findings indicates partial obstruction of the upper airway? - ANSWER stridor To determine if CPR is indicated for an unresponsive patient less than one year of age, you should assess the: - ANSWER brachial pulse You respond to a preschool facility for an ill child. Upon arrival, you find an unresponsive 8-month-old. The infant has a palpable pulse of 50 beats per minute. Your next action should be to: - ANSWER begin chest compressions During a hazardous materials incident, you should take standard precautions: - ANSWER before making contact with the patient A 19-year-old female is found unconscious in her apartment living room. While surveying the apartment, your partner yells from the patient's bedroom "she has an SVN machine in here". This suggests the patient has a history of: - ANSWER respiratory problems You are treating a 35-year-old man who was stung by a bee. He is allergic to bees and has a prescribed epinephrine auto-injector. His breath sounds are clear and non-labored. His BP is 130/82. How should you manage this patient? - ANSWER Assess the patient for signs of hypoxia, administer oxygen as needed, and transport. An elderly patient reportedly collapsed on a golf course almost 10 minutes ago. You assess her level of consciousness and determine she is unresponsive. Which of the following should you do first: - ANSWER Assess pulse and begin CPR if needed You are treating an unresponsive patient with slow, shallow respirations and pinpoint pupils. Which of the following conditions is most likely? - ANSWER Narcotic overdose You are caring for a 3-year-old patient in cardiac arrest. What is the correct compression to ventilation ratio for two-person CPR on this patient? - ANSWER 15 compressions to 2 ventilations You are caring for a 12-year-old who was injured at the neighborhood skate park. He was not wearing a helmet and is responsive to pain. You note snoring respirations and deformity to the left ankle. You should: - ANSWER open the airway using a jaw-thrust maneuver Shallow respirations and bradypnea will likely cause: - ANSWER a decrease in minute volume The most common weapon of mass destruction used by terrorists is: - ANSWER explosive weapons You are conducting a primary assessment on an elderly fall victim who complains of hip pain. While assessing circulation, you should check: - ANSWER pulses, external bleeding and skin condition. In unresponsive patients over one year of age, you should palpate the: - ANSWER carotid pulse Coordinating efforts through a unified command system at a mass casualty incident will likely: - ANSWER reduce duplication of effort and freelancing. Inadequate oxygen delivery to the body's tissues is called: - ANSWER hypoxia Which of the following signs of hypoxia is more common in pediatric patients? - ANSWER bradycardia Which of the following adult patients is breathing adequately? - ANSWER a patient with respirations at 16 per minute and equal chest rise and fall.