Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology 2nd Edition by Capriotti 887 pages Test Bank PDF printed

DAVIS ADVANTAGE FOR PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2ND EDITION CAPRIOTTI TEST BANK Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which statement regarding the sodium–potassium pump is correct? 1. The cell’s plasma membrane is more soluble to sodium ions than potassium ions. 2. The concentration of sodium ions should be higher inside the cell compartment. 3. The concentration of potassium ions should be higher outside the cell compartment. 4. The active transport involves pumping out three sodium ions and pumping in two potassium ions. 2. In the absence of oxygen, which cellular function creates the same amount of energy as is created in the presence of oxygen? 1. Dissipation of pyruvic acid 2. Initiation of the citric acid cycle 3. Activation of acetyl-coenzyme A 4. Creation of acidosis via lactic acid 3. How many adenosine triphosphates (ATPs) are produced in aerobic energy metabolism? 1. 2 2. 3 3. 34 4. 53 NURSINGTB.COM 4. Which cell organelles differ in their number according to the cell’s energy needs? 1. Ribosomes 2. Mitochondria 3. Ribonucleic acids 4. Deoxyribonucleic acids 5. Which option best supports the reason more energy is produced when a person is exercising? 1. Exercise causes an increase in the synthesis of protein. 2. There is an increase in the production of pyruvic acid in the cells. 3. The conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid is increased by exercise. 4. Muscle cells have more mitochondria to meet energy demands. 6. When does ribosomal protein synthesis cease? 1. During endoplasmic reticulum stress 2. During the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) 3. During a severe hypoxic state 4. During the processing of prohormone 7. Which cellular organelles are responsible for propelling mucus and inhaled debris out of the lungs? 1. Cilia 2. Microfilaments 3. Secretory vesicles DAVIS ADVANTAGE FOR PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2ND EDITION CAPRIOTTI TEST BANK 4. Endoplasmic reticula 8. Which are the key proteins in the contractile units of the muscle cells? 1. Actin and myosin 2. Prohormone and tubulin 3. Tubulin and actin 4. Myosin and prohormone 9. Which deficiency causes Tay–Sachs disease? 1. Proteasome 2. Peroxisome 3. Macrophage 4. Lysosomal enzymes 10. Which is a characteristic of adrenoleukodystrophy? 1. Accumulation of ganglioside 2. Cessation of ribosomal protein synthesis 3. Acceleration of cellular proteasome activity 4. Accumulation of long-chain fatty acids in the nervous system 11. Which statement regarding endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is correct? 1. During ER stress, proteins are rapidly degraded. 2. During ER stress, lipids cannot travel to their proper intracellular locations. 3. During ER stress, long-chain fatty acids accumulate in the nervous system. 4. During ER stress, nondeNgUraRdeSdIsNubGsTtaBnc.eCs OacMcumulate in the cells. 12. A client is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. At a cellular level, which function is likely to be involved? 1. Inability of ribosomes to produce a specific type of protein 2. Incorrect processing of a protein by the Golgi apparatus 3. Stagnation of a previously dynamic action in microtubules 4. Obstruction of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum 13. A newborn patient exhibits characteristics of severe physical deformities. Which cellular component is examined to determine the cause and probability of the disease being genetically transferred? 1. Transfer RNA 2. Ribosomal RNA 3. Double helix of DNA 4. Mitochondrial DNA 14. A hiker experiences muscle pain and acidosis while ascending a mountain during a long, steep climb. Which is the reason for these manifestations? 1. Cellular hypoxia 2. Autolysis 3. Heterolysis 4. Cellular edema 15. Which factor provides DNA the unique molecular ability to replicate? 1. The pairing of nitrogenous bases DAVIS ADVANTAGE FOR PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2ND EDITION CAPRIOTTI TEST BANK 2. The presence of pyrimidine bases 3. The presence of nucleotides 4. The nitrogenous base and phosphate bond 16. How many nitrogenous bases compose a single codon? 1. 2 2. 3 3. 4 4. 5 17. Which components form the structure of DNA? 1. Nucleotides 2. Amino acids 3. Fatty acids 4. Phosphates 18. Which factor is essential in order for protein synthesis to occur? 1. Free-standing ribosomes within the cell 2. Protein blueprint from the cell of the DNA 3. Specific information from the nucleus of the cell 4. Transfer RNA to move the protein out of the cell 19. Tetracycline antibiotic is prescribed for an adult client with chlamydia infection. Which is the mechanism of action of the drug? 1. It prevents the replicatioNnUoRf bSaIctNeGriaT. B.COM 2. It alters the configuration of bacterial cytoplasm. 3. It interferes with the function of bacterial ribosomes. 4. It inhibits the functions of bacterial mitochondria. 20. Where does the conversion of a prohormone into a hormone take place? 1. In the ribosomes 2. In the Golgi apparatus 3. In the secretory granules 4. In the endoplasmic reticulum 21. Which is the cell’s “master mind”? 1. Nucleus 2. Ribosome 3. Golgi apparatus 4. Endoplasmic reticulum Multiple Response Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question. 22. Which statements regarding the microtubules are true? Select all that apply. 1. Microtubules are solid. 2. Microtubules are flexible. 3. Microtubules are composed of tubulin. DAVIS ADVANTAGE FOR PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2ND EDITION CAPRIOTTI TEST BANK 4. Microtubules are called actin filaments. 5. Microtubules have structures involved in cell division. 23. Which cellular actions are carried out during the process of protein synthesis? Select all that apply. 1. DNA directs the cell to carry out the process. 2. Transcription occurs in the ribosome of the cell. 3. Protein translation takes place in the cell nucleus. 4. RNA is single-stranded and travels outside the nucleus. 5. In RNA, the pyrimidine base thymine is replaced with uracil. 24. Which characteristics are specific to RNA during protein synthesis? Select all that apply. 1. Presence of ribose pentose sugar 2. Presence of single-stranded helix 3. Presence of double-stranded helix 4. Presence of deoxyribose pentose sugar 5. Presence of uracil and cytosine as a pyrimidine base 25. Which are the purine bases found in DNA? Select all that apply. 1. Uracil 2. Adenine 3. Guanine 4. Thymine 5. Cytosine NURSINGTB.COM DAVIS ADVANTAGE FOR PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2ND EDITION CAPRIOTTI TEST BANK Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. ANS: 4 Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness Objective: Recognize the major organelles and their function within the cell. Page: 1 Heading: Cell Structure and FunctionThe Sodium Potassium Pump (Na+/K+ Pump) Integrated Process: Nursing Process Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation Cognitive Level: Comprehension [Understanding] Concept: Cellular Regulation Difficulty: Moderate Feedback 1 This is incorrect. The plasma membrane of the cell is less soluble to sodium ions and more soluble to potassium ions. 2 This is incorrect. The concentration of sodium ions should be higher outside the cell compartment. 3 This is incorrect. The concentration of potassium ions should be higher inside the cell compartment. NURSINGTB.COM 4 This is correct. In active transport, for every three sodium ions pumped out, two potassium ions are pumped in. PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation 2. ANS: 2 Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness Objective: Discuss the difference between aerobic and anaerobic