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Summary Stimuli revision notes

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Detailed and concise a level biology revision notes on the subtopic of stimuli, this includes information on tropism, control of heart rate, the pacinian corpuscle responding to changes in pressure through impulses and definitions of taxis and kinesis.

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3. 6 . I IAA taxis + kmesrg simple reflex 13 new ones)
a rc receptors panniers corpuscle -




, eye
control of heart rate chemoreceptors pressure receptors autonomic nervous system cardiac output = her ✗ SV




,µ.ym¥s#;÷wµ.p.m.a ., auymn.p,.eda.ym.ugn.unepw
Stimulus -
detectable change in the TROPISM -




growth of part of a plant due to directional stimuli

light (phototropism
positive ti"

gravity / growibopism)
"
"
environment leads to response plant shoots : towards from
,
a
,
away
TAXIS -



simple directional response roots away from light towards gravity roots absorb water nutrients
:
,
-


+




whole body towards favourable stimuli controlled by hormones affecting tissues (not organs ) e.g. auxins


www.au.nnan.pm.aaan.a.pw.n.y#.,wm...s.n..a....,...
v




, no . p.m , .. ,. . ↳
e.
g. ma
,, away .
, . a.




a. organ
.




change speed and rate at which they then
light causer it to move to the shaded side where it elongates cells

dnangedireetion.si/imulilihetemperatwe-,- high conc .
of IAA in shoots increases elongation but inhibits in roots

reflex are → rapid localised short
, , response gravitropism -
IAA moves to lower side due to
gravity high ,



receptor , sensory ,
coordinator intermediate
,
.no/or.ef#Ehibib-nga-.tion,roohberddownwards--
3.ba/-StimuI#PA4N1AN CORPUSCLE -




sensory receptor responding
control of basic heart rate mechanical Found deep
to changes in
pressure .




"" " """ " "" """ "" "" "" "" "" " " " " " """ "" " " "" "

Layer of non conductive tissue prevents wave
single sensory neurone at centre of tissue layers
crossing
to the ventricles ,
antes AVN after
sensoryneurone contains shreds mediated
ending
delay which conveys the between Nat channels at normal
resting potential
wave
the Nat
,




ventricles along purkinje tissue 1 bundle of His channels are too narrow .
when pressure is applied ,



Wave released from purkinje tissues causing the membrane is deformed channels wider and
,




ventricles to contract Prom the base upwards Nat diffuses into the neurone ,
thischanges the
Charges to heart rate controlled the potential of the membrane (depot arise d) and produces
}
in




H-potnhd-ach-onp-tahda-engthenere-a.ae/eatory oblongata
the brain by the medulla
centre increases heart rate chemoreceptors -
sensitive to ph charges
via
sympathetic nerves to SAN ¥ due to charges in coz concentration
0


-

inhibitory centre decreases heart rate § lower ph higher =
1oz =
higher HR due
§ increased frequency of
via
parasympathetic nerves to SAN to an nerve impulses
-
stimulated by pressure or chemical →§ Pressure receptors increased -




pressure





charges £ higher Frequency of impulses to inhibitory centre
¥ impulses parasympathetic nerves 1 decreases HR)
via




?⃝

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Response to change - stimuli
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A-level Revision

Hi! I\'m a student currently about to start at the University of Leeds to study Medicine. At A-levels I took Chemistry, Biology and Maths and received 3 As. Throughout studying I made extensive revision notes using my iPad which are neat and handwritten so have decided to pass them on through selling them on this account. I hope my notes can help someone as much as they helped me through my A-levels.

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