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Samenvatting - biomedische wetenschappen - 'anatomie hart en bloedvaten' (ZSO 11)

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HC anatomie v hart en bloedvaten ZSO 11


1. Je kan in grote lijnen de projectie van het hart op de thoraxwand weergeven.

Hart / car ligt iets naar linksnabij ventrale borstwand, achter sternum en bevindt zich ih mediastinum
(=ruimte die borstholte in 2 longholtes verdeelt en grote vaten bevat; thymus, oesophagus, trachea)

2. Je kent de verschillende lagen waaruit de hartwand is opgebouwd

- Endocard (viscerale pericardium) / endocardium:
o Binnenste dunne laag (plaveiselepitheel -> endotheel)
o Glad
o Direct contact met circulerend bloed
- Myocard (myocardium):
o Middelste laag
o Gespierde wand v hart
o Bevat hartspierweefsel, bloedvaten, zenuwen
o Vormt bijna gehele wand, dikste laag
o Verantwoordelijk voor pompwerking
o Intracalaire schijven en gap junctions -> zorgen voor communicatie tssn celle n
(samentrekking als geheel)
- Epicard (= visceraal pericard):
o Dunne laag bindweefsel
o Vormt buitenbekleding hart
o Onderliggend losmazig bindweefsel -> verbonden met myocard
o Direct contact met circulerend bloed

, 3. Je kan op een eenvoudige tekening van het hart de atria en de ventrikels aanduiden evenals
het interventriculaire septum, de atrioventriculaire kleppen en de aorta- en pulmonalisklep;




4. Je kan de bloedstroom door het hart uitleggen

- Rechteratrium (RA): O2-arm bloed komt via v .cava superior en v. cava inferior hier terecht,
RA pompt O2- arm bloed naar RV (atrio-ventriculaire kleppen)

- Rechterventrikel (RV): pompt O2-arme bloed via truncus pulmonalis (longslagader) -> de
(pulmonalisklep) longen (truncus pulmonalis splitst in R en L a. pulmonalis)

- Linkeratrium (LA): ontvangt O2-rijk bloed vv. pulmonalis en pompt dit in LV

- Linkerventrikel (LV): ontvangt O2-rijk bloed v LA (atrio-
ventriculaire kleppen) en pompt O2-rijke bloed -> aorta
(aortaklep) naar -> rest v lichaam

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