TOPIC: 6
END OF COLD WAR AND NEW WORLD ORDER
ACRONYMS
SALT l – Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty
MAD – Mutual Assured Destruction
STI – Strategic Defence initiative
CPSU – Communist Part of the Soviet Union
INF treaty – intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces treaty
GDR – German democratic Republic
WHAT WAS THE WORLD LIKE BEFORE 1989?
1970s – cold war dominated international politics
President Richard M. Nixon – anti-communist
- Fears MAD
- Removes USA involvement in Vietnam » troops leave in
1972
Soviet President – Leonid Brezhnev
- Realises nuclear war would destroy the world
- Fears MAD
They enter a period of Détente
- Easing tensions between nations (USA and USSR)
- SALT l was negotiated: both countries agreed to limit their
nuclear weapons
- 1970s Détente: Nixon is gone by 1974
- Ends by the 1980s
New world order: superpower co-operation
- Political liberty, self-determination, and non-intervention
- No sponsoring in 3rd world country military conflicts
- Restrictions on global arms sales
DEFINITIONS
- Cold War: (1945 – 1989) a period of increased tension
between the USA and the USSR as they each strove for
dominance and influence.
, • New World Order: refers to the new situation of world
power after the Cold War. The USA became the only major
power
COLLAPSE OF THE USSR
CHANGING RELATIONAHIPS
Reagan – Anti-communist, starts the new arms race
- Huge military spending “evil empire”
- He starts the STI (strategic Défense initiative/ Star Wars
program)
- Missile defence system to protect US from Soviet Union
nuclear weapons
Brezhnev (to ‘82)/ Andropov (to ‘84)/ Chernenko (to ‘85)
Believes military strength is important to:
- keep up with the new arms race
- control satellite states
There is a “second” Cold War
This starts to change in the 80s
1985 Gorbachev comes to power
- More concerned on internal USSR and on the citizens
- hates nuclear weapons
- “New political thinking”
Reagan starts agreeing nukes = bad
- 1986 Chernobyl disaster creates huge anti-nuclear
sentiment
- Gorby and Reagan met Reykjavik and start negotiating to
end the CW
- There is a series of summits until 1989 when they officially
end the CW
CAUSES OF THE COLLASPE OF USSR
1) economic weakness
1917 – one part system = SU police state and dictatorship
where people are scared
5-year plan – sets targets and people are punished if targets
are not met
Centralised economy
- All land and industries nationalised
END OF COLD WAR AND NEW WORLD ORDER
ACRONYMS
SALT l – Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty
MAD – Mutual Assured Destruction
STI – Strategic Defence initiative
CPSU – Communist Part of the Soviet Union
INF treaty – intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces treaty
GDR – German democratic Republic
WHAT WAS THE WORLD LIKE BEFORE 1989?
1970s – cold war dominated international politics
President Richard M. Nixon – anti-communist
- Fears MAD
- Removes USA involvement in Vietnam » troops leave in
1972
Soviet President – Leonid Brezhnev
- Realises nuclear war would destroy the world
- Fears MAD
They enter a period of Détente
- Easing tensions between nations (USA and USSR)
- SALT l was negotiated: both countries agreed to limit their
nuclear weapons
- 1970s Détente: Nixon is gone by 1974
- Ends by the 1980s
New world order: superpower co-operation
- Political liberty, self-determination, and non-intervention
- No sponsoring in 3rd world country military conflicts
- Restrictions on global arms sales
DEFINITIONS
- Cold War: (1945 – 1989) a period of increased tension
between the USA and the USSR as they each strove for
dominance and influence.
, • New World Order: refers to the new situation of world
power after the Cold War. The USA became the only major
power
COLLAPSE OF THE USSR
CHANGING RELATIONAHIPS
Reagan – Anti-communist, starts the new arms race
- Huge military spending “evil empire”
- He starts the STI (strategic Défense initiative/ Star Wars
program)
- Missile defence system to protect US from Soviet Union
nuclear weapons
Brezhnev (to ‘82)/ Andropov (to ‘84)/ Chernenko (to ‘85)
Believes military strength is important to:
- keep up with the new arms race
- control satellite states
There is a “second” Cold War
This starts to change in the 80s
1985 Gorbachev comes to power
- More concerned on internal USSR and on the citizens
- hates nuclear weapons
- “New political thinking”
Reagan starts agreeing nukes = bad
- 1986 Chernobyl disaster creates huge anti-nuclear
sentiment
- Gorby and Reagan met Reykjavik and start negotiating to
end the CW
- There is a series of summits until 1989 when they officially
end the CW
CAUSES OF THE COLLASPE OF USSR
1) economic weakness
1917 – one part system = SU police state and dictatorship
where people are scared
5-year plan – sets targets and people are punished if targets
are not met
Centralised economy
- All land and industries nationalised
