Ati med surg B study guide

Ati med surg B study guide 1) Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Dietary Recommendations (583) • low fiber • increased protein • decreased calories Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s Disease • Eat foods high in protein and calories, and low in fiber • Identify foods that trigger clinical manifestations • Avoid caffeine and alcohol, take multivitamin w/ iron • Eat small frequent meals • Dietary supplements high in protein and low in fiber • Monitor for electrolyte imbalance especially potassium • Vitamin B12 Diverticulitis • Consume clear liquid until manifestations subside • Add fiber when solid foods are tolerated • Avoid seeds or indigestible material that can block diverticula (nuts popcorn) • Avoid alcohol. Limit fat intake to 30%, adequate fluids, bulk forming laxatives 2) Respiratory Management and Mechanical Ventilation: Need for Suctioning • Suction secretions to maintain airway and tube patency 3) Disorders of the Eye: Expected Findings (122) • Retinal detachment- flashes of light and blind spots curtain closing over eyes • Glaucoma- increased IOP causing gradual vision loss • Injury. Disease process, aging process • Macular degeneration(#1 cause of vision loss in ppl over 60), cataracts, glaucoma • MD: lack of depth perception, object distortion, blurred vision, loss of central vision, blindness • Cataracts: decreased visual acuity, blurred vision, diplopia, photo sensitivity, halo around lights, visible opacity, absent red reflex • Glaucoma: headache, mild eye pain, loss of peripheral vision, inc. IOP, photophobia, pupils non reactive to light 4) Disorders of the Eye: Analyzing Findings • IOP: 10-21 mm/Hg • Monitor for IOP • -monitor for decreased vision and light sensitivity • -Assess pt for aching or discomfort around the eye • -Tx severe plain and nausea with analgesics and antiemetics 5) Arthroplasty: Prevent complication- DVT, anemia, -Older adults @ higher risk CPM Prevent pressure ulcers Using a Continuous Passive Motion Machine • Promote motion and prevent scar tissue formation • Avoid flexion of hip greater than 90 degrees, don’t cross legs, abduction pillow, raised toilet seat • -Full extention to perscribed amt of flexion • -Placed and initiated right after surgery • -stopped for meals 6) Cancer Disorders (981) Laryngeal Cancer and Body Image Disturbance ▪ Consult speech language path. for clients who have difficulty speaking ▪ -Provide comfort to pt who have permenant loss of voice or disfigurment ▪ -Refer to counseling servcies as needed