Pearson Edexcel Biology Paper 4 Basic Notes

BIOLOGY PAPER 4 BASIC NOTES

CONTENTS:

- Topic 5

- 5A: Chlorophylls 2

- 5A: Absorption VS Action Spectrum 2

- 5A: Plant Definitions To Learn 2

- 5B: Ecology Definitions 2-4



- Topic 6
- 6A: Entering the Gut 5

- 6A: Methods of Spread 5-6

- 6A: Barriers of Entry 6

- 6A: YM Media & MacConkey Agar 6

- 6B: Leucocytes 6-7

- 6B: Granulocytes 7

- 6B: Phagocytes 7

- 6B: Lymphocytes 7-8

- 6B: Bacterial VS Viral Infections 8

- 6B: Bacteriostatics & Bactericidal 8-9

- 6C: Introns & Satellites 9

- 6C: Using DNA Profiles 9-10

, TOPIC 5:

5A: Chlorophylls:

- CHLOROPHYLL A:
- Blue-green pigment in all green plants

- CHLOROPHYLL B:
- Yellow-green pigment

- CAROTENOIDS:
- Orange carotene & yellow xanthophyll

- PHEOPHYTIN:
- Grey pigment caused by the breakdown of other photosynthetic pigments


5A: Absorption VS Action Spectrum:

- ABSORPTION SPECTRUM:
- Graph showing the amount of light absorbed
- Light against wavelength of light

- ACTION SPECTRUM:
- Graph showing the rate of photosynthesis against wavelength of light


5A: Plant Definitions To Learn:

- GRANA:
- Stack of thylakoids within a chloroplast

- THYLAKOIDS:
- Membrane discs found in the grana of chloroplasts

- LAMELLAE:
- Extensions of the thylakoid membrane

- STROMA:
- The “matrix” surrounding grana & contains enzymes for the Calvin Cycle
& produces glucose

5B: Ecology Definitions:

- ABIOTIC PHASE: