CIVIL LITIGATION EXAM DOCUMENT
Table of Contents
SGS 1 – PRE-ACTION CONSIDERATIONS 5
Causes of Action + Remedies Available + Limitation Periods 6
Evidence Available
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...8
Benefits, Risks of Pursuing Litigation 9
Costs……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….10
FUNDING APPENDIX………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………11
Legal Aid………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………11
No Win No Fee Agreements (CFA/DBA)…………………………………………………………………………………….13
Insurance…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….15
SGS 2 – COMMENCING PROCEEDINGS 16
Deciding which court to issue proceedings in 17
Documents required to commence a claim…………………………………………………………………………..….18
CPR on Counting Time + Deemed Service of Documents……………………………………………………….21
Consequences of Failing to Comply (Judgement in Default etc.)…………………………………………22
Exam Structure for Counting Time + Default ………………………………………………………………….23
SGS 3 – STATEMENTS OF CASE 25
Particulars of Claim Format (Exam Structure Drafting) ……………………………………………………………….25
Nature of Defence……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..31
Defence Format ……………………………………….…………………………………………………………………………….32
SGS 4 – ALLOCATION, CASE AND COSTS MANAGEMENT ………………………………………………………………35
Procedure for Allocation + Requisite Documents………….…………………………………………………………..36
Procedure for Costs Management………………………………………………………………………………………….40
CCM Powers regarding Sanctions…………………………………………………………………………………………..41
Purpose + Preparation for CCMC………………………………………………………………………………………43
SGS 5 – DISCLOSURE + INSPECTION ……………………………………………………………………………………………….47
5 Steps of Disclosure + Inspection……………………………………………………………………………………………….48
Waiver + Redaction………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...54
Professional Conduct Implications in Disclosure Process…………………………………………………….55
Summary Table of Types of Documents/Disclosure Required……………………………………….57
Example Disclosure + Inspection Answers………………………………………………………………59
SGS 6 – WITNESS + EXPERT EVIDENCE + DRAFTING WITNESS STATEMENTS ………………………………….64
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, Admissibility Rules……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….64
Hearsay 5 Steps…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………65
Evidence of Witness of Fact (Statements/Summaries)………………………………………………………….67
Witness Statement (TRIAL) (Exam Structure Drafting) …………………………………………………….69
Expert Evidence……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..72
Privilege Status of Expert Evidence…………………………………………………………………………..…76
SGS 7 – PART 36, SETTLEMENT AND TRIAL ……………………………………………………………………………………77
Comparison of Part 36 + Without Prejudice…………………………………………………………………………………78
Acceptance of Part 36 Offer (C or D)………………………………………………………………………………………….79
Acting for Defendant, D rejects offer from C……………………………………………………………………………81
Acting for Claimant, C rejects offer from D……………………………………………………………………………83
Consent Orders…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..85
Preparations for Trial…………………………………………………………………………………………………………86
COSTS……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..88
SGS 8 – INTERIM APPLICATIONS; SUMMARY JUDGMENT ………………………………………………………………91
Procedure Table Normal Interim Application…………………………………………………………………………………..92
Summary Judgment CPR 24……………………………………………………………………………………………………………94
Test for Summary Judgment………………………………………………………………………………………………………..94
Procedure Table Summary Judgment………………………………………………………………………………………….95
Orders Court can make at hearing………………………………………………………………………………………………96
Costs Orders at Interim Hearings………………………………………………………………………………………………97
Witness Statement Interim App Additional Paragraphs………………………………………………………….99
Exam Structure for ALL Interim Applications………………………………………………………………………..99
SGS 9 – INTERIM APPLICATIONS; INTERIM INJUNCTIONS AND SECURITY FOR COSTS ………………………….100
Interim Prohibitory Injunctions Exam Steps………………………………………………………………………………………….100
Procedure for Interim Prohibitory Injunctions…………………………………………………………………………………….104
Orders Court may make……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..106
Freezing Injunctions Exam Steps…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………109
Procedure for Freezing Injunctions…………………………………………………………………………………………………110
Advantages and Disadvantages of ALL injunctions…………………………………………………………………………111
Security for Costs Exam Structure…………………………………………………………………………………………….113
Security for Costs Test………………………………………………………………………………………………………………114
SGS 10 – FOREIGN JURISDICTION …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………117
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,Steps for the Exam…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….117
Practical and Commercial Considerations between Jurisdictions…………………………………………………………………122
Foreign Jurisdiction SERVICE……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….122
Exam Question Solutions……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….123
SGS 11 – ADR and Arbitration ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………131
Types of Dispute Resolution………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..131
Comparison Table – Mediation, Arbitration, Litigation………………………………………………………………………………136
Advantages + Disadvantages MEDIATION……………………………………………………………………………………………..138
Advantages + Disadvantages ARBITRATION…………………………………………………………………………………………140
ARBITRATION ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………143
Procedure (How Arb Commenced and How Arbitrators Appointed)………………………………………………..144
Methods for How Parties Can Ensure There is a Legally Correct Solution………………………………………146
How Court Might Get Involved (Arb)……………………………………………………………………………………………146
Challenging and Appealing an Award………………………………………………………………………………………..148
APPEALS AND ENFORCEMENT ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………151
APPEALS.……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..151
Who hears Appeals……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………152
Permission for Appeals……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………152
Time Limits for Appellants…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..153
Respondent’s Notice + Time Limits…………………………………………………………………………………………………….154
Effect of Appeal on Judgment of Lower Court…………………………………………………………………………………154
Appeals Flowchart…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………156
ENFORCEMENT……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………157
Investigating Debtor’s Means……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..157
Means of Enforcement……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..158
Which Court – TABLE………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………158
3 Stage Process, Taking Control of Goods……………………………………………………………………………………………159
Attachment of Earnings…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..160
Reciprocal Enforcement of Judgment Between Countries…………………………………………………………….162
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Table of Contents
SGS 1 – PRE-ACTION CONSIDERATIONS 5
Causes of Action + Remedies Available + Limitation Periods 6
Evidence Available
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...8
Benefits, Risks of Pursuing Litigation 9
Costs……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….10
FUNDING APPENDIX………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………11
Legal Aid………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………11
No Win No Fee Agreements (CFA/DBA)…………………………………………………………………………………….13
Insurance…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….15
SGS 2 – COMMENCING PROCEEDINGS 16
Deciding which court to issue proceedings in 17
Documents required to commence a claim…………………………………………………………………………..….18
CPR on Counting Time + Deemed Service of Documents……………………………………………………….21
Consequences of Failing to Comply (Judgement in Default etc.)…………………………………………22
Exam Structure for Counting Time + Default ………………………………………………………………….23
SGS 3 – STATEMENTS OF CASE 25
Particulars of Claim Format (Exam Structure Drafting) ……………………………………………………………….25
Nature of Defence……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..31
Defence Format ……………………………………….…………………………………………………………………………….32
SGS 4 – ALLOCATION, CASE AND COSTS MANAGEMENT ………………………………………………………………35
Procedure for Allocation + Requisite Documents………….…………………………………………………………..36
Procedure for Costs Management………………………………………………………………………………………….40
CCM Powers regarding Sanctions…………………………………………………………………………………………..41
Purpose + Preparation for CCMC………………………………………………………………………………………43
SGS 5 – DISCLOSURE + INSPECTION ……………………………………………………………………………………………….47
5 Steps of Disclosure + Inspection……………………………………………………………………………………………….48
Waiver + Redaction………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...54
Professional Conduct Implications in Disclosure Process…………………………………………………….55
Summary Table of Types of Documents/Disclosure Required……………………………………….57
Example Disclosure + Inspection Answers………………………………………………………………59
SGS 6 – WITNESS + EXPERT EVIDENCE + DRAFTING WITNESS STATEMENTS ………………………………….64
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, Admissibility Rules……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….64
Hearsay 5 Steps…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………65
Evidence of Witness of Fact (Statements/Summaries)………………………………………………………….67
Witness Statement (TRIAL) (Exam Structure Drafting) …………………………………………………….69
Expert Evidence……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..72
Privilege Status of Expert Evidence…………………………………………………………………………..…76
SGS 7 – PART 36, SETTLEMENT AND TRIAL ……………………………………………………………………………………77
Comparison of Part 36 + Without Prejudice…………………………………………………………………………………78
Acceptance of Part 36 Offer (C or D)………………………………………………………………………………………….79
Acting for Defendant, D rejects offer from C……………………………………………………………………………81
Acting for Claimant, C rejects offer from D……………………………………………………………………………83
Consent Orders…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..85
Preparations for Trial…………………………………………………………………………………………………………86
COSTS……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..88
SGS 8 – INTERIM APPLICATIONS; SUMMARY JUDGMENT ………………………………………………………………91
Procedure Table Normal Interim Application…………………………………………………………………………………..92
Summary Judgment CPR 24……………………………………………………………………………………………………………94
Test for Summary Judgment………………………………………………………………………………………………………..94
Procedure Table Summary Judgment………………………………………………………………………………………….95
Orders Court can make at hearing………………………………………………………………………………………………96
Costs Orders at Interim Hearings………………………………………………………………………………………………97
Witness Statement Interim App Additional Paragraphs………………………………………………………….99
Exam Structure for ALL Interim Applications………………………………………………………………………..99
SGS 9 – INTERIM APPLICATIONS; INTERIM INJUNCTIONS AND SECURITY FOR COSTS ………………………….100
Interim Prohibitory Injunctions Exam Steps………………………………………………………………………………………….100
Procedure for Interim Prohibitory Injunctions…………………………………………………………………………………….104
Orders Court may make……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..106
Freezing Injunctions Exam Steps…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………109
Procedure for Freezing Injunctions…………………………………………………………………………………………………110
Advantages and Disadvantages of ALL injunctions…………………………………………………………………………111
Security for Costs Exam Structure…………………………………………………………………………………………….113
Security for Costs Test………………………………………………………………………………………………………………114
SGS 10 – FOREIGN JURISDICTION …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………117
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,Steps for the Exam…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….117
Practical and Commercial Considerations between Jurisdictions…………………………………………………………………122
Foreign Jurisdiction SERVICE……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….122
Exam Question Solutions……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….123
SGS 11 – ADR and Arbitration ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………131
Types of Dispute Resolution………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..131
Comparison Table – Mediation, Arbitration, Litigation………………………………………………………………………………136
Advantages + Disadvantages MEDIATION……………………………………………………………………………………………..138
Advantages + Disadvantages ARBITRATION…………………………………………………………………………………………140
ARBITRATION ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………143
Procedure (How Arb Commenced and How Arbitrators Appointed)………………………………………………..144
Methods for How Parties Can Ensure There is a Legally Correct Solution………………………………………146
How Court Might Get Involved (Arb)……………………………………………………………………………………………146
Challenging and Appealing an Award………………………………………………………………………………………..148
APPEALS AND ENFORCEMENT ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………151
APPEALS.……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..151
Who hears Appeals……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………152
Permission for Appeals……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………152
Time Limits for Appellants…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..153
Respondent’s Notice + Time Limits…………………………………………………………………………………………………….154
Effect of Appeal on Judgment of Lower Court…………………………………………………………………………………154
Appeals Flowchart…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………156
ENFORCEMENT……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………157
Investigating Debtor’s Means……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..157
Means of Enforcement……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..158
Which Court – TABLE………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………158
3 Stage Process, Taking Control of Goods……………………………………………………………………………………………159
Attachment of Earnings…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..160
Reciprocal Enforcement of Judgment Between Countries…………………………………………………………….162
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