EXSS 181 Exam 1 UNC Completely answered questions (Latest)

What is Sport & Exercise Psychology? - ANSWER The scientific study of human behavior in sport and exercise, and the practical application of that knowledge What are the 3 Roles of Sports Psychologists? - ANSWER - Research - Teach - Consult What are two Major types of questions in the field? - ANSWER - Psychological factors on sport/physical activity behavior and performance - Participating in sport/physical activity on psychological development, health, and well-being What is B=f (P, E)? - ANSWER The formula created by Lewin that states that behavior is a function of the person and his or her environment Who is Coleman Griffith? - ANSWER the Father of Modern Sport Psychology who conducted the first research lab Who is Norman Triplett? - ANSWER Key figure in history of social and sport & exercise psychology, studied social facilitation of bikers, and tested whether bikers rode faster when in groups than alone What is Personality? - ANSWER That pattern of characteristic thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that distinguishes one person from another and that persists over time and situations What are the 6 periods of Sports Psychology? - ANSWER - Early Years () - Griffith Era () - Preparation for the Future () - Establishment of Academic Branch () - Multidisciplinary Research () - Contemporary (2000-Present) What are the 3 Ways of Knowing? - ANSWER - Common Sense - Practical Experience - Science What are 4 steps of the Scientific Method? - ANSWER - Develop the problem - Formulate Hypothesis - Gather Data - Analyze and Interpret results What are the 5 approaches to Personality? - ANSWER - Psychodynamic Approach - Trait Approach: Big Five - Situational Approach: social learning - Interactional Approach: B = f (P, E) - Phenomenological Approach: person's understanding of their own environment What is a Trait Approach? - ANSWER - Consistant - Generalizable What are the 2 theories that suggest that the situation influences personality development? - ANSWER - Situation Approaches - Interactional Approaches What is Motivation? - ANSWER The direction and intensity of effort - Direction - approach/avoid or attraction - Intensity - how much effort, persistence What are Attributions? - ANSWER Interpretations or explanations individuals give for success or failure What are the 3 characteristics of Attribution? - ANSWER - Stability - Locus of Causality - Locus of Control What is Self-Bias? - ANSWER Making attributions that help you increase or maintain your self-esteem and confidence What is Learned Helplessness? - ANSWER A psychological state where people have learned that failure is inevitable and out of their control What is the Achievement Goal Theory? - ANSWER - People are motivated to demonstrate competence - Motivation is influenced by the personal meaning one assigns to perceived success and failure What is Task/Mastery Achievement? - ANSWER - Possible for all participants to be successful - Success more in participant's control What is Ego Achievement? - ANSWER - A limited number of people can be successful - Success less in participant's control What are the 4 possible combinations for goal orientations? - ANSWER - High task, low ego