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Samenvatting cursus antropologie

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Antropologie
Docent Marc Jacobs – Uantwerpen – academiejaar 2020-2021
Opleiding Conservatie en Restauratie


Inhoudsopgave
1 Algemene leerdoelen ....................................................................................................... 7

2 Lessenplanning ................................................................................................................. 8

3 Les 1: inleiding tot antropologie .................................................................................... 10

3.1 Geschiedenis van de antropologie ........................................................................... 10

3.1.1 Vroege 20e eeuw............................................................................................... 11

3.1.2 De tweede helft van de 20e eeuw ..................................................................... 15

3.2 Onderzoeksmethode van antropologie.................................................................... 17

3.3 Etnografisch schrijven .............................................................................................. 19

3.4 Plan van aanpak tijdens de les ................................................................................. 20

4 Les 2 Volkscultuur en etnologie ...................................................................................... 21

4.1 literatuur .................................................................................................................. 21

4.2 artikel: ideologie en volkscultuur (Roodenburg) ...................................................... 21

4.2.1 Samenvatting .................................................................................................... 21

4.2.2 Bespreking artikel in de les ............................................................................... 32

4.3 Leesopdracht: een inleiding in de Nederlandse etnologie ....................................... 35

4.3.1 Samenvatting artikel: Reflecties op de cultuur van het dagelijkse leven .......... 35

4.3.2 Bespreking in de les .......................................................................................... 36

4.4 SST/ANT ................................................................................................................... 40

4.5 Benadering concept cultuur ..................................................................................... 42

4.6 Unesco paradigma en authenticiteit ........................................................................ 43
antropologie 1

, 4.7 American Anthropological Association (AAA) .......................................................... 45

5 Les 3: Sociale antropologie ............................................................................................. 47

5.1 Malinowski: Veldwerk .............................................................................................. 48

5.1.1 Biografie............................................................................................................ 48

5.1.2 bibliografie ........................................................................................................ 49

5.1.3 Argonauts of the Western Pacific ..................................................................... 50

5.1.4 Trobriandeilanden ............................................................................................ 51

5.1.5 Onderzoeksmethode > veldwerk ...................................................................... 52

5.1.6 sleutelfiguren .................................................................................................... 53

5.1.7 Kula ritueel........................................................................................................ 54

5.1.8 Kinship en sexualiteit ........................................................................................ 55

5.1.9 videofragment Malinowski ............................................................................... 56

5.1.10 Malinowski en economie .................................................................................. 58

5.2 Sir Edward Tylor ....................................................................................................... 60

5.2.1 Termen ............................................................................................................. 60

5.2.2 Reactie Malinowski ........................................................................................... 60

5.3 Michelle MacCarthy ................................................................................................. 61

5.3.1 Artikel “More than grass-skirts and feathers” .................................................. 62

5.3.2 Bespreking in de les .......................................................................................... 64

5.3.3 Wat is cultureel erfgoed ................................................................................... 66

5.3.4 Verband met toerisme ...................................................................................... 67

5.3.5 Edward Bruner Hoe verhoudt authenticiteit zich tot erfgoed? ......................... 69

5.3.6 Constructivistische blik op authenticiteit .......................................................... 70

5.3.7 Erving Goffman met “Front” and “Backstage”/”Back regions” ......................... 74

5.3.8 Laurajane Smith: Verband met erfgoedstudies................................................. 75

antropologie 2

,6 Les 4 structureel functionalisme en Structuralisme ........................................................ 76

6.1 Structureel-functionalisme ...................................................................................... 76

6.1.1 Alfred Radcliffe Brown (1881 – 1955) ............................................................... 77

6.1.2 Edward Evan Evans-Pritchard (1902-1973) ....................................................... 78

6.1.3 James Scott ....................................................................................................... 83

6.2 Structuralisme .......................................................................................................... 85

6.2.1 Inleiding ............................................................................................................ 85

6.2.2 Claude Lévi Strauss (1908-2009) ....................................................................... 89

6.2.3 Case: literatuuronderzoek over Charivari ......................................................... 94

6.2.4 Poststructuralisme als reactie tegen structuralisme ......................................... 97

7 Les 5 Veldwerk symbolische antropologie ...................................................................... 98

7.1 Clifford Geertz .......................................................................................................... 98

7.2 Hanengevecht .......................................................................................................... 99

7.3 Ander studiewerk van Geertz................................................................................. 101

7.3.1 Waarom succes? ............................................................................................. 102

8 Les 6: overgangsrituelen ............................................................................................... 104

8.1 Inleiding ................................................................................................................. 104

8.2 Studentendoop ...................................................................................................... 106

8.3 Arnold Van gennep ................................................................................................ 107

8.4 Victor Turner .......................................................................................................... 110

8.5 rituelen .................................................................................................................. 114

8.6 Experiment: verband met erfgoed ......................................................................... 115

8.7 Verdere uitbreiding ................................................................................................ 116

9 Les 7: Giften en onvervreemdbaarheid ........................................................................ 118

9.1 Lesdoelstellingen ................................................................................................... 118

antropologie 3

, 9.2 Inleiding ................................................................................................................. 118

9.3 Wat is een geschenk?............................................................................................. 119

9.4 Marcel Mauss ......................................................................................................... 120

9.5 Marshall Sahlins ..................................................................................................... 124

9.5.1 Stone Age Economics ...................................................................................... 124

9.5.2 On the Sociology of Primitive Exchange .......................................................... 125

9.6 Case........................................................................................................................ 127

9.6.1 Inleiding .......................................................................................................... 127

9.6.2 Visie Sahlins .................................................................................................... 127

9.6.3 Visie Obeysekere ............................................................................................ 128

9.6.4 Antwoord van S op O ...................................................................................... 129

9.6.5 Reactie van andere antropologen ................................................................... 129

9.6.6 Besluit Stroeken over het cultuurdebat .......................................................... 132

9.7 Annette Weiner ..................................................................................................... 133

9.7.1 Artikel Marc Jacobs ......................................................................................... 135

9.8 Actualiteit............................................................................................................... 140

10 Les 8: ............................................................................................................................ 141

10.1 Mary Douglas (symbolische antropologie) ......................................................... 141

10.2 Irene Stengs: ritualisering ................................................................................... 143

10.2.1 High density events......................................................................................... 144

10.2.2 Popularisering van cultuur .............................................................................. 144

10.2.3 Maken van erfgoed ......................................................................................... 145

10.2.4 Erfgoedpolitiek onderzocht door Stengs ......................................................... 146

11 Les 9 ethiek ................................................................................................................... 147

11.1 Belang van ethiek voor erfgoeddeskundige ....................................................... 147

antropologie 4

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