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Samenvatting H6: acetyl-CoA productie & krebscyclus

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samenvatting van H 6: de acetylCoA productie en krebscyclus. Het is een goede samenvatting dat beknopt maar alle informatie omvattende delen bevat. Waar nodig heb je illustrerende tekeningen om het beter te begrijpen.

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6.0: INLEIDING o In mitochondriën EU
o In cytosol PRO
 Respiratie = opname van O2 & afgave van CO2
 Studie om PDH-complex leerzaam:
 Cellulaire respiratie = moleculaire processen bij O2& CO2
1) Multi-enzymcomplex:
o Drie stappen:
a. intermediairen gebonden op oppervlakte
1) pyruvaat, vetzuren, ketogenen AZ, ethanol
b. omzetting S naar P
oxideren tot 2-Cfragmenten: Acetyl-CoA
2) cofactoren van vitamine !!
3) Metabole flux
2) Krebscyclus
4) Als prototype voor ! enzymcomplexen
 Ac etyl-CoA: voeden
a. alfa-ketonzuurdehydrogenase
 oxidatie tot CO2
b. Alfa-ketoglutaraatdehydrogenasecomplex
 vrijgestelde Energie: FADH2 & NADH


3) Co-ezymen oxidatie: protonen & elektronen afgave
ALGEMENE REACTIE VAN HET PDH
 Respiratie- elektrotransportketen
 ATPvrijstelling via oxidatieve fosforylatie  Oxidatieve decarboxylering
 Irreversibel proces
 CO2  S-CoA
6.1: ACETYL-CoA AANMAAK ~ ENZYMES
 Vorming NADH
6.1.1: PYRUVAAT  Omzetting pyruvaat tot acetyl-CoA: 3 stappen
o Decarboxylering
 Pyruvaat  CO2 & acetyl-CoA
o Oxidatie
 PDH-complex = pyruvaatdehydrogenase
o 3 enzymen o Transfer

,  ! 3 stappen koppelen  vrije E bewaring  vorming ADH & ACoA < Verlies proton  carbanion
< actiever vorm van TTP
CO-ENZYMEN
< carbanion hecht carbonylgroep
3 enzymen die 5 Co-enzymen nodig hebben + afkomst uit vitamine: < thiazoliumring = elektronenopvanger

A) TPP ~ thiaminepyrofosfaat + thiamine  vergemakkelijken reactie decarboxyleringen

B) FAD ~ flavine-adeninedinucleotide + riboflavine
C) CoA ~ Co-enzym A + pantotheenzuur  LIPOÏNEZUUR

D) NAD ~ Nicoineamide-adeninedinucelotide + niacine o 2 thiolgroepen: disulfidebrug ondergaan

E) Lipoïnezuur o Elektronencarrier + acylcarrier
o Gebonden aan lysineresidu van E2 van PDHcomplex

 Co enzym A: o Lipoamide = zuur gebonden eiwit via amidebinding
o Reactieve thiolgroep als acylcarrier
o Acylgroep: covalent binden aan thiolgroep ~ thio-esters
WERKING PDH STAP VOOR STAP:
o Hoge DG  thio-esters hoge acylgroeptransferpotentiaal
STAP 1
 acylgroepdonatie aan acceptormoleculen
o Acylgroep in acetyl-CoA = geactiveerd - TPP = prosthetische factor van pyruvaatdehydrogenase
 TPP - C tussen N & S zuurtegraad > CH3groepen met pKa 10
o Vitamine B1 - Ionisatie CHgroep tot carbanion  binden carboxyl van pyruvaat
o Beriberi = gebrek vitamine B ~ zwelling & verlamming
o ! splitsen bindingen
o Functioneel deel = thiazoliumring
< zuur ptroton op C2 - Carbanion aan TPP  decarboxylering pyruvaat

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