Summary
Health & Policy
2022
1
,Index
Lecture 1: Public policy and public health what is it and how does it work? 4
Central concepts 4
Social determinants and health: basic models and illustrations 4
The Health Field Concept model by Lalonde (1974) 5
The socio-ecological Framework by Dahlgren and Whitehead 5
Social determinants in health 5
Life expectancy and population health 6
THE POLICY PROCESS 7
Lecture 2: Public health and policy Rob Bovens 9
Why and how is public health policy important? historical successes 9
What entails public health main stakeholders 10
3. Use of evidence 11
4. Approaches in prevention 12
5. International differences. 15
Lecture 3: Theoretical Approaches in Public Health Policy and Prevention 18
Public Health theories and models 18
Health Belief Model (Rosenstock et al, Hochbaum) 19
ASE model (Attitude, Social norm, Efficacy) 19
Theory of behavior change: The Trans Theoretical Model (TTM) 20
Social Cognitive Theory (Bandura) 20
Elaboration Likelihood Model 21
Socioecological and system models 22
Ecological Model McLeroy (1998) 22
Social model of health 23
System models 24
Models in policy making process 25
Policy making process 25
(policy enactment) Rational and incremental models 26
Policy implementation: Diffusion of innovation (Rogers) 27
Lecture 4: Making prevention policy: #how 28
1. Why healthifying the environment is better than helping individuals self-manage a healthy
lifestyle 28
2. How theories of the policy process can unravel the bounded rationality of policymaking 30
3. Empirical insights in the policymaking process of soda taxes, structured with the Health Policy
Analysis 31
4. Explaining policy stasis and change with the Punctuated Equilibrium Theory, exemplified by
physical education and school sports in the UK 35
5. Memoirs of a policymaker in Dutch health taxes, structured with Kingdon’s multiple streams
framework 37
2
,Lecture 5: Evidence based public health policy 38
Lecture 6: beetje van alles 47
Schools as smoke free zones Dr. Andrea Rozema 17 May 2022 47
Kim Janssens MSc Academic Collaborative Center Work and Health (AWAG) 50
Assessing the impact of legislation in health care 52
Impact of legislation in health care 52
Assessing assumptions in the policy theory 53
Workgroups (1-6) 55
Exam questions 59
Study material 62
Chapter 2: Public Policy Explained (lecture 1) 62
What is public policy? 62
When is government intervention considered appropriate? 62
The policymaking process 63
Shaping public policy 65
Conclusion 65
Chapter 12 and 13 of Haveman-Nies et al. (2017) (lecture 2) 66
Effectiveness and Policy Determinants of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Taxes (lecture 4) 66
Analyzing policy change and continuity: physical education and school sport policy in
England since 2010 (lecture 4) 67
'Social Determinants of Health (SDOH)' by Catalyst (2017). (lecture 5) 68
Examining the Intended and Unintended Impacts of Raising a Minimum Legal Drinking Age on
Primary and Secondary Societal Harm and Violence from a Contextual Policy Perspective: A Scoping
Review (lecture 6). 71
3
, Lecture 1: Public policy and public health what is it and how
does it work?
12 april 2022 - Ien van den Goor
Chapter 1 and Chapter 2 of Eyler, AA, Chriqui, JF, Moreland-Russell, S. & RC Brownson eds. (2016)
Prevention, Policy and Public Health. Oxford UP, USA.
Central concepts
Public policy: Refers to laws, regulatory measures, courses of action, and funding priorities concerning a
given topic by a governmental entity or its representatives.
Health policy: refers to decisions, plans and actions that are undertaken to achieve specific health care
goals within a society (WHO).
Public health: refers to health protection + health promotion for the population as a whole/specific
groups, including prevention and early detection of diseases (Dutch Public Health Acts).
Life expectancy: indicator for population health.
Life expectancy at birth reflects the overall mortality level of a population; its summarizes the mortality
pattern that prevails across all age groups in a given year - children and adolescents, adults and the
elderly.
Life expectancy: indicator for population health
Global life expectancy at birth in 2016 was 72 years (74.2 years for females and 69.8 years for males);
Ranging from 61.2 years in the WHO African Region to 77.5 years in the WHO European Region, giving a
ratio of 1.3 between the two regions.
Eastern part has the lowest life expectancy. Child mortality is high in Africa, which decreases life
expectancy.
Life expectancy in Europe
Rich countries do not all have a high life expectancy. Countries in the Mediterranean have the highest life
expectancy, because of the ‘mediterranean diet:’ a lot of fish and vegetables. Males have a lower life
expectancy than women.
Life expectancy in western societies: education
Males with the lowest education in the Netherlands live on average 7 years shorter than those with the
highest education. This difference almost doubles (15 years) when looking at the number of years living in
good health.
Social determinants and health: basic models and illustrations
What influences our health? What determines our health: two basic models
• The Health Field Concept model by Lalonde (1976)
• The Socio-ecological Framework by Dahlgren and Whitehead (1991)
4
Health & Policy
2022
1
,Index
Lecture 1: Public policy and public health what is it and how does it work? 4
Central concepts 4
Social determinants and health: basic models and illustrations 4
The Health Field Concept model by Lalonde (1974) 5
The socio-ecological Framework by Dahlgren and Whitehead 5
Social determinants in health 5
Life expectancy and population health 6
THE POLICY PROCESS 7
Lecture 2: Public health and policy Rob Bovens 9
Why and how is public health policy important? historical successes 9
What entails public health main stakeholders 10
3. Use of evidence 11
4. Approaches in prevention 12
5. International differences. 15
Lecture 3: Theoretical Approaches in Public Health Policy and Prevention 18
Public Health theories and models 18
Health Belief Model (Rosenstock et al, Hochbaum) 19
ASE model (Attitude, Social norm, Efficacy) 19
Theory of behavior change: The Trans Theoretical Model (TTM) 20
Social Cognitive Theory (Bandura) 20
Elaboration Likelihood Model 21
Socioecological and system models 22
Ecological Model McLeroy (1998) 22
Social model of health 23
System models 24
Models in policy making process 25
Policy making process 25
(policy enactment) Rational and incremental models 26
Policy implementation: Diffusion of innovation (Rogers) 27
Lecture 4: Making prevention policy: #how 28
1. Why healthifying the environment is better than helping individuals self-manage a healthy
lifestyle 28
2. How theories of the policy process can unravel the bounded rationality of policymaking 30
3. Empirical insights in the policymaking process of soda taxes, structured with the Health Policy
Analysis 31
4. Explaining policy stasis and change with the Punctuated Equilibrium Theory, exemplified by
physical education and school sports in the UK 35
5. Memoirs of a policymaker in Dutch health taxes, structured with Kingdon’s multiple streams
framework 37
2
,Lecture 5: Evidence based public health policy 38
Lecture 6: beetje van alles 47
Schools as smoke free zones Dr. Andrea Rozema 17 May 2022 47
Kim Janssens MSc Academic Collaborative Center Work and Health (AWAG) 50
Assessing the impact of legislation in health care 52
Impact of legislation in health care 52
Assessing assumptions in the policy theory 53
Workgroups (1-6) 55
Exam questions 59
Study material 62
Chapter 2: Public Policy Explained (lecture 1) 62
What is public policy? 62
When is government intervention considered appropriate? 62
The policymaking process 63
Shaping public policy 65
Conclusion 65
Chapter 12 and 13 of Haveman-Nies et al. (2017) (lecture 2) 66
Effectiveness and Policy Determinants of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Taxes (lecture 4) 66
Analyzing policy change and continuity: physical education and school sport policy in
England since 2010 (lecture 4) 67
'Social Determinants of Health (SDOH)' by Catalyst (2017). (lecture 5) 68
Examining the Intended and Unintended Impacts of Raising a Minimum Legal Drinking Age on
Primary and Secondary Societal Harm and Violence from a Contextual Policy Perspective: A Scoping
Review (lecture 6). 71
3
, Lecture 1: Public policy and public health what is it and how
does it work?
12 april 2022 - Ien van den Goor
Chapter 1 and Chapter 2 of Eyler, AA, Chriqui, JF, Moreland-Russell, S. & RC Brownson eds. (2016)
Prevention, Policy and Public Health. Oxford UP, USA.
Central concepts
Public policy: Refers to laws, regulatory measures, courses of action, and funding priorities concerning a
given topic by a governmental entity or its representatives.
Health policy: refers to decisions, plans and actions that are undertaken to achieve specific health care
goals within a society (WHO).
Public health: refers to health protection + health promotion for the population as a whole/specific
groups, including prevention and early detection of diseases (Dutch Public Health Acts).
Life expectancy: indicator for population health.
Life expectancy at birth reflects the overall mortality level of a population; its summarizes the mortality
pattern that prevails across all age groups in a given year - children and adolescents, adults and the
elderly.
Life expectancy: indicator for population health
Global life expectancy at birth in 2016 was 72 years (74.2 years for females and 69.8 years for males);
Ranging from 61.2 years in the WHO African Region to 77.5 years in the WHO European Region, giving a
ratio of 1.3 between the two regions.
Eastern part has the lowest life expectancy. Child mortality is high in Africa, which decreases life
expectancy.
Life expectancy in Europe
Rich countries do not all have a high life expectancy. Countries in the Mediterranean have the highest life
expectancy, because of the ‘mediterranean diet:’ a lot of fish and vegetables. Males have a lower life
expectancy than women.
Life expectancy in western societies: education
Males with the lowest education in the Netherlands live on average 7 years shorter than those with the
highest education. This difference almost doubles (15 years) when looking at the number of years living in
good health.
Social determinants and health: basic models and illustrations
What influences our health? What determines our health: two basic models
• The Health Field Concept model by Lalonde (1976)
• The Socio-ecological Framework by Dahlgren and Whitehead (1991)
4
