Maternal Child Health Final Exam

Maternal Child Health Final Exam Exam 1 o Maternal awareness of fetal movement ▪ 17-20 weeks • Toxoplasmosis: o Associated with the consumption of infested undercooked meat and poor hand washing after handling cat litter ▪ Educate on having someone else change the cat’s litter pan and to avoid consuming uncooked meat • Blood Volume: o Because of the increase in plasma the hematocrit will appear low, especially at 32-34 weeks gestation. A hemoglobin of 11.2 and hematocrit of 38% would be considered normal • Natural Family Planning: o Identifying the fertile time during the cycle and using abstinence or other contraceptive methods during the fertile period requires motivation and considerable counseling • IPV (Intimate Partner Violence) o Nurse should routinely screen all of their patients. Using words such as, “do you feel safe in your current environment and relationships?” • Recreational Drugs o The use of these drugs can harm the fetus, causing miscarriage/spontaneous abortion and low birth weight • First Prenatal Visit (3) o The patient has appropriate questions for her potential provider that include: ▪ The opportunity to use complementary and alternative methods during labor and birth ▪ And opportunity to meet other providers in the practice ▪ The health care provider’s beliefs and practices concerning epidural anesthesia the routine use of episiotomy • Quadruple Screen: o Screening test to determine birth defects ▪ Screens for 4 pregnancy hormones ▪ Normal Results o Usually done between the 15th and 22nd week ▪ Most accurate between the 16th and 18th week o Abnormal result does NOT mean baby has a birth defect ▪ Most testing should be done ▪ If the test is abnormal, you may want to talk or have a referral fo a genetic counselor • Vegetarian Diet: o Recommend vitamin B12 and iron supplements • Emergency Contraceptive: o Nausea and vomiting is a common side effect, an over the counter antiemetic can be taken 1 hour before each contraceptive dose to prevent nausea • Primary Dysmenorrhea (cramps): o The use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) as an optimal pharmacological therapy • Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: o Recommend that all pregnant women be screened during the 24th and 28th weeks of gestation • Mother’s Blood Sugar: o Infants who are producing more insulin because of the high maternal glucose develop MACROSOMIA (meaning big body) • Side-Lying Position: o Side-lying in the lateral position decreases pressure on the vena cava and is common instruction given to increase venous return and increases fetal circulation, circulatory volume and placental and renal perfusion • Fundal Height: o 14 weeks is slightly above the symphysis pubis • Urgent Reportable Signs in Pregnancy: o Vaginal bleeding o Rupture of membranes o Headaches that do not respond to usual therapy • GTPAL o GRAVIDA- pregnant woman