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Samenvatting Pathologie: Pneumologie deel 2

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In dit document kan je het tweede deel lezen van pathologie pneumologie.

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Hoofdstuk 4: Pneumologie: Respiratoire aandoeningen


Chronische bronchitis

Ophoesten vn sputum min. 3m per jaar gedurende min. 2 opeenvolgende jaren.

Basiskenmerken:

- Chronisch hoesten
- Sputumproductie (grijs-grauw)
- Dyspnoe – Vooral ochtend, wheezing
- Vermoeidheid

COPD en astma

1. Astma bronchiale
2. COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)
a. Chronische bronchitis
b. Emfyseem

Gemeenschappelijke symptomen

 Hyperreactiviteit:
o Samentrekken gladde spiercellen
o Zwelling slijmvlies
o Aanmaak extra slijm
 Dyspnoe
 Hoesten, al dan niet met slijm
 Wheezing = piepen (uitademingsstoornis)

Onderscheid tss astma en COPD

Astma COPD


Jonge leeftijd Oudere leeftijd

Plotseling begin Geleidelijk aan ontstaan van klachten

Atopie Roken

Wisselende Aanhoudende nauwelijks reversibele
reversibele bronchusobstructie
bronchusobstructie

Hoesten soms Hoesten meestal

Sputum soms Sputum meestal

, 4.1. COPD

4.1.1. Oorzaken


 Roken!
 Luchtverontreiniging
 Beroepsfactoren
 Sociale klasse
 Genetische factoren: Mucuviscidose, Alfa-1-antitrypsine deficiëntie: Longemfyseem




Figuur 1: Effect vn roken: COPD

4.1.2 Respiratoire insufficiëntie: Complicaties

 Op basis vd arteriële bloedgaswaarden!
 Partiële respiratoire insufficiëntie:
o O2  = Hypoxie
o CO2 Normaal
 Globale respiratoire insufficiëntie:
o O2 
o CO2  = Hypercapnie
o

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May 18, 2022
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