NPTE - Practice questions & answers

A patient s/p CVA presents with left-sided sensory and motor loss to her LE with no UE involvement. She has confusion and slow movement. She also has behavioral changes and confusion. Which cerebral artery syndrome does she have? Anterior cerebral artery syndrome When using ultrasound, excessively high temperatures may produce a strong ache caused by overheating which tissue type? Periosteal tissue 25 degrees of flexion is the loose-packed position for which joint? Tibiofemoral joint Which is false regarding cerebral palsy - 1) it is a permanent and progressive condition. 2) the individual may present with hypotonia, hypertonia, dystonia, ataxia, and mixed tone. 3) it is caused by insult to the brain during development. 4) it is often associated with mental retardation and seizures. It is a permanent and progressive condition. Which treatment modality utilities ultrasound to drive mediation through the skin into the deeper tissues? Phonophoresis A pt. has a trendelenburg gait. The POC includes functional strengthening. Which would most target the weakened muscles - 1) prone hip extension 2) wall squats 3) straight leg raises 4) lateral step ups Lateral step ups A pt. suffered a peripheral nerve injury that results in foot drop of the left LE. Where should the PTA position the electrical stimulation to stimulate contraction of the appropriate muscles. Over ankle dorsiflexors A pt. has impaired ability to smell. Which cranial nerve may be involved? Cranial nerve I In reviewing the evaluation, the PTA notes her patient tested positive for Clarke's sign. What does this test indicate? Patellofemoral dysfunction Which is not a typical characteristic of a venous ulcer - 1) well-demarcated lesion 2) little to no pain 3) yellow fibrous covering with granulation 4) located over medial malleolus Well-demarcated lesion Which type of wound dressings are characterized as a soft, absorbent, non woven dressings derived from seaweed? Alginates A PTA is working with a pt. who has paraplegia with no sensory or motor function below the level of the lesion. What is the likely injury - 1) complete C6 2) complete T8 3) incomplete C6 4) incomplete T8 Complete spinal cord injury at T8 Upgrade to remove ads Only $35.99/year Ultrasound treatment utilizes which form of energy to create thermal effects? Sound wave Which of the following is an example of heat transmission through radiation - 1) infrared lamp 2) hot pack 3) paraffin 4) fluidotherapy Infrared lamp Which primitive reflex is responsible for turning head toward a touch and opening the mouth when the cheek is stimulated? Rooting At which level would a patient with a spinal cord injury still maintain the ability to self feed - C2, C3, C4, or C5? C5 When initially instructing a pt. in ambulation, what is the best gait pattern to use for a pt. using a prosthesis for the first time after undergoing a transtibial amputation? 4-point gait Which degenerative disease of the CNS is characterized as a progression upper and lower motor neuron disease in which there is muscle fiber atrophy as well as degeneration and scarring of the motor neuron in part of the spinal cord, brainstem, and cerebral cortex? Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Which gait pattern is typically indicated for a patient with paraplegia or spina bifida? Swing to pattern with Lofstrand crutches What type of wound debridement is indicated for a patient with a deep (stage 3 or 4) pressure ulcer with necrotic tissue and infection that is placing the patient's life at risk? Surgical Which type of research study, considered level 1 evidence, is an experimental design in which participants are randomly assigned to either an experimental of control group to receive different interventions or a placebo? Randomized control trial Regarding neoplasms, which type of malignant tumor arises from the connective tissue? Sarcoma Upgrade to remove ads Only $35.99/year For Medicare pts., what is the minimum requirement for completion of reevaluation or reassessments by the PT? Every 30 days Which lobe of the cerebrum is responsible for processing visual information? Occiptial IF a goal is to achieve maximum strength, which resistive training protocol is most appropriate - 1) 70% of 1RM and performing 3 sets of 12 repetitions 2) 80% of 1RM and performing 3 sets of 10 repetitions 3) 40% of 1RM and performing 3 sets of 20 repetitions 4) 95% of 1RM and performing 1 set of 8 repetitions? Using 95% of 1 RM and performing 1 set of 8 repetitions. What is not a sign or symptom of hyperglycemia - 1) excessive hunger 2) dry mouth 3) deep, rapid respirations 4) weakness Excessive hunger A pt. is wheelchair bound and has been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. The PTA should educate the family that the most likely location of a pressure ulcer is? Ischial tuberosity Which position is best indicated for stretching of the hip flexors? Prone hip extension In regards to arthrokinematics, what is the moment between the joint surfaces of the radial head with the humerus? Spin When assessing end feels for a typical joint, which would have a normal physiological end feel that may feel soft, with soft tissue approximation - 1) shoulder abduction with a rotator cuff 2) knee extension 3) elbow extension 4) knee flexion? Knee flexion Regarding ventilation, what is the volume of gas that remains in the lungs after expiratory reserve volume has been exhaled? Residual volume Which foot/ankle condition causes acute pain with loading of the foot, especially when first weight bearing in the morning? Plantar fasciitis Upgrade to remove ads Only $35.99/year Which of the following patients would be most susceptible to catching a cold in a clinic - pt. who had a recent brain injury, pt. undergoing chemo, pt. with a recent ankle fracture, or a pt. in the acute stage of RA? A pt. undergoing chemotherapy The PTA is teaching a pt. to ascend a curb using a large base quad cane. The pt. has weakness noted in the right quads, which limits walking stability. Which is the appropriate sequencing for ascending the curb? Hold cane in left side, lead with left LE A pt. has undergone a TKA and is in the acute hospital setting, using a continuous, passive movement (CPM) machine. The CPM will assist in prompting all of the following, except what 1) increased edema 2) decreased post-operative pain 3) increase ROM 4) decreased risk of DVT? Increased edema The PTA is working with a patient who has quadriplegia with no sensory or motor function below the level of the lesion. What is the likely injury - incomplete T12, incomplete C6, complete C5, complete C8? Complete spinal cord injury at level C5 Which special test of the should identifies bicipital tendonitis? Speed's test A stroke patient is classified as stage 1 on the Brunnstrom Stages of Motor Recovery scale. What motor presentation can the PTA expect. Flaccidity, no voluntary movement Which position should a pt. be placed to promote postural drainage of the superior segments of the lower lobes? The patient is on her abdomen with two pillows under her hips Which type of specialized wheelchair is best indicated for pts. with extensor spasms and for pressure relief? Tilt-in-space Which type of imaging study is best indicated to identify the integrity of bony tissue? Plain film radiograph A pt. has suffered damage to the basal ganglia. What is a likely impact of this injury. Impaired motor planning Upgrade to remove ads Only $35.99/year When performing gait analysis of a pt. with an above knee amputation, the PTA notices circumduction during the swing phase on the prosthetic side. Which does not cause this deviation - short prosthesis, abduction contracture, long prosthesis, or inadequate suspension. Short prosthesis In regards to the acronym FITT, which is not a correct term - time, type, fitness, and intensity? Fitness A patient s/p CVA presents with symptoms on both the right and left sides of the body. She is diplopia, dysphasia, and vertigo. She has ataxia, balance impairment, and nystagmus. Which CVA syndrome is likely? Vertebrobasilar artery syndrome Pt. has pain in her bilateral lower limbs. She complains of tightness and a deep cramping pain in the region of the anterior tibias muscles, which is chronic and made worse when the runs. What is the likely condition? Anterior compartment syndrome What is the most appropriate position for a PTA, guarding a pt. ascending stairs for the first time using crutches and is partial weight bearing on the left side. Behind and slightly to the left side. The PTA should educate patients with lymphedema in management strategies. Which is not a strategy to manage the swelling - wear compression garments, maintain water intake, keep limps in dependent position, and avoid sitting cross-legged? Keep limps in dependent position for easier circulation The PTA is working with a pt. with dysphagia. Upon assessing the oxygen saturation, the therapist finds it to be only 89% with an increased HR and cough. The pt. complains of mild chest pin over the right side of her chest. The likely cause is? Aspiration pneumonia ALS is a degenerative disease of the CNS. Death usually results in 2-5 years due to what? Respiratory compromise Which is a condition in which there is impaired blood supply to the femoral head, which can lead to symptoms of pain and tenderness to palpation in the groin and hip region? Avascular necrosis. What is the term to describe a patellar mal-alignment in which the patella tracks to far superiorly. Patella alta Upgrade to remove ads Only $35.99/year Passive stretching would be inappropriate for a child with which condition - RA, Cerebral Palsy, Osteogenesis Imperfecta, and Spina Bifida? Osteogenesis Imperfecta A PTA is providing initial gait training for a patient learning tow all with a semi-walker after a stroke. What is the appropriate feedback? Verbal feedback after every trial The PTA is working with a pt. who suffered a MI 36 hours ago. Which exercise is not appropriate? UE strengthening with a 7-pound weight The PTA is instructing a pt. with a new transtibial amputation in positioning strategies to reduce the likelihood of contractors. Which position would promote contracture development - 1) sitting in wheelchair with posterior board behind knee 2) lying supine with legs extended 3) sitting with the limb dependent and knee flexed 4) prone-lying? Sitting in a wheelchair with the limb dependent and knee flexed Regarding general principles of progression, which principle is not an accurate progression of an exercise - 1) large base of support to small 2) lots of feedback to no feedback 3) higher center of gravity to a lower4) prone-lying? Higher center of gravity progresses to a lower center of gravity Full knee extension is the loose-packed position for which joint? Patellofemoral joint Which condition of the knee is commonly referred to as "jumper's knee" and is a mechanical dysfunction resulting in traction apophysitis of the tibial tubercle at the patellar tendon insertion? Osgood-Schlatter What is the correct explanation for the PRICE protocol? Protect, Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation Which ambulatory aid is best indicated for a 60-yeaer old patient who has undergone an orthopedic surgery on his tibia, has poor balance, and has restriction for non-weight bearing status of his surgical limb? Standard walker Which intervention for urinary incontinence uses weighted vaginal cones for home exercises to target the pelvic floor muscles? Progressive strengthening What age is most effective when screening girls for scoliosis? 9-11 years of age PT's and PTA's are not mandated reporters of abuse in which population - elders, children, or disabled? They are mandated reporters for all of these populations As a result of MS, a pt. is displaying impaired dynamic standing balance deficiencies. Which intervention is best indicated for this patient - 1) standing with narrow base of support in tandem stance 2) reaching for cones outside base of support 3) standing with eyes closed on even surface 4) alternating isometrics in standing? Reaching for cones outside base of support in standing The rate of percussion should be ________ per minute when performing percussion for postural drainage? 100+ times per minute Which type of speech and communication disorder is characterized by the ability to comprehend spoken language but significant difficulty producing speech? Expressive aphasia Which arterial disease is marked by an inappropriate elevation of blood glucose levels and accelerated atherosclerosis? Diabetic angiopathy The PTA is working to improve standing balance. Which sensory training intervention would be most challenging - 1) standing over dense foam with eyes closed 2) standing over dense foam with eyes open 3) standing over carpet with eyes open 4) standing over tile floor with eyes open? Standing over dense foam with eyes closed A 75 year old patient suffered an injury by falling forward onto an outstretched UE. What is the likely injury? Colles' fracture For a pt. with UE involvement after stroke, which secondary musculoskeletal condition is least likely - impingement, adhesive capsulitis, should sublimation, or a SLAP lesion? A SLAP lesion The PTA is teaching her pt. with COPD strategies and positions to help to catch their breath. Which position is most effective - 1) prone 2) supine 3) seated leaning backward into extension 4) seated leaning forward on the forearms Seated leaning forward on the forearms The evaluation describes a pt. having sustained a spinal cord injury due to a traumatic knife injury at T6, resulting in hemisection of the spinal cord. What is this spinal injury syndrome known as? Brown-Sequard Syndrome The PTA is teaching a pt. with a spinal cord injury at L1 to manage curbs in his wheelchair. The best way to instruct the pt. is to have him - 1) throw the head and trunk posteriorly to rise up on the back wheels 2) grab the hand rims anteriorly and then pull them forward abruptly and forcefully 3) throw the head and trunk forward to lift the back wheels 4)grab the hand rims posteriorly and then pull them forward rapidly Grab the hand rims posteriorly and then pull them forward abruptly and rapidly Which of the following is not a contraindication to aquatic exercise intervention - 1) bowel or bladder incontinence 2) fear of water 3) water and airborne infections 4) severe epilepsy Fear of water The PTA notes that her pt. has an inability to breathe when she positions her supine or in a reclined position. This condition is known as? Orthopnea Which term correctly identifies the problems in a body function or structure such as a significant deviation or loss? Impairment Regarding E-stim, which term describes the area of greatest excitability on the skin surface, in which a small amount of current generates a muscle response? Motor point Which type of stretching is performed with serial casting? Prolonged mechanical stretching For pts. with burns, it is important that the therapy team work to prevent or reduce complications of immobilization through positioning and splinting to prevent contractors. What is the correct position to place a pt. with a shoulder burn? Emphasize abduction, flexion, and external rotation Which surgical repair requires the pt. to utilize a wedge to prevent hip adduction when in bed? Total hip arthroplasty Which of the following is not an absolute contraindication to joint mobilization - 1) joint ankylosis 2) down syndrome 3) bone malignancy 4) pregnancy? Pregnancy The PT is working with a pt. who has HIV. Through which of the following body fluids is HIV transmissible - blood, sweat, urine, or vomit? Blood Which soft tissue condition is characterized by crystal deposits into peripheral joints as a result of a disorder of purine metabolism? Gout During which phase of healing in a musculoskeletal injury are modalities least likely to be used in treatment - 1) always indicated 2) functional restoration phase 3) subacute phase 4) acute (inflammatory) phase Functional restoration pha