Module 7 Exam- Requires Respondus LockDown Browser

Module 7 Exam- Requires Respondus LockDown Browser Due No due date Points 100 Ques!ons 31 Time Limit 60 Minutes Requires Respondus LockDown Browser A!empt History A"empt Time Score LATEST A!empt 1 52 minutes 93 out of 100 Score for this quiz: 93 out of 100 Submi!ed Feb 24 at 9:46pm This a!empt took 52 minutes. Ques! 3 / 3 pts on 1 True or False: The bladder drains into the ureters. True False Correct! the urethra Your Answer: Ques!on 2 3 / 3 pts A person sustained blunt force trauma to the back at the L1 level, with no spinal cord injury. Would you suspect the kidneys to be damaged? Why or why not? Yes, because the kidneys are between T12-L3 Yes, the kidneys lie between the T-12 and L-3 Your Answer: Ques! 4 / 4 pts on 3 Describe the consistency and purpose of the renal capsule. tough outer layer of skin of the kidney thats purpose is to protect it from injuries The renal capsule is a tough fibrous outer skin of the kidney which protects it from injury and infec!on. Your Answer: Ques! 2.5 / 2.5 pts on 4 Name the layer and the specific structure highlighted in blue, below. medulla, renal pyramid The renal medulla which is divided into sec!ons called pyramids that point toward the center of the kidney. Ques!on 5 2.5 / 2.5 pts These arteries divide into the segmental arteries as they flow into the kidney. Afferent Lobar Interlobular Arcuate Interlobar Renal Correct! Ques! 2.5 / 2.5 pts on 6 A"er the vasa recta, blood next moves into these vessels. Efferent arteriole Lobar veins Interlobular veins Correct! Arcuate artery Interlobar vein Peritubular capillaries Your Answer: Ques! 2.5 / 2.5 pts on 7 Name the region in the diagram below, indicated by the red arrow. distal convulated tubule DCT (Distal convoluted tubule) Ques!on 8 2 / 2 pts Which of the following is true about the loca#on of the bladder? A. In males, the rectum is anterior to the bladder. B. In females, the vagina is behind the bladder. Correct! C. In females, the bladder sits above the uterus. D. In males, the bladder is below the prostate gland. E. B&C are true F. A&D are true Your Answer: Ques! 4 / 4 pts on 9 Based strictly on anatomical structural differences, are males or females more likely to get a UTI? Explain your answer. females, because their urethra is shorter and the opening is closer to the anus so bacteria has a higher chance of enterering the badder through the urethra causing the infec#on. Female; The female urethra is shorter and only carries urine while the male urethra is about 5 !mes longer. Since the female urethra is short and the external opening is close to the anus, improper wiping or poor hygiene a#er defeca!on can easily carry fecal bacteria into the urethra. Bacteria enter the urethra and travel up to the bladder, causing a urinary tract infec!on (UTI). Ques!on 10 0 / 2 pts An elderly male is unable to micturate. What is most likely causing the difficulty? Incon#nence due to end stage demen#a You Answered Incon#nence due to swollen seminal vesicle Urinary reten#on due to spinal cord injury Urinary reten#on due to enlarged prostate Correct Answer Hematuria due to diabetes Ques! 2 / 2 pts on 11 This region of the male urethra exits the bladder. Spongy Prosta#c Correct! Membranous Ejaculatory duct Ureters Your Answer: Ques! 4 / 4 pts on 12 What causes the extremely high blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries? the difference in the diameter The afferent arteriole, which is fed by the interlobular artery, is much larger in diameter than the efferent arteriole. The difference in diameter causes an extremely high blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries. Ques!on 13 0 / 3 pts For micturi#on to occur, the _____ sphincter _____. A. internal; contracts B. internal; relaxes You Answered C. external; contracts D. external; relaxes E. A&C F. B&D Correct Answer Ques! 3 / 3 pts on 14 This is the pressure that depends upon a person’s blood pressure from the heart and vessels: Colloid osmo#c pressure Capsular pressure Net filtra#on pressure Glomerular filtra#on rate Hydrosta#c pressure Correct! Your Answer: Ques! 5 / 5 pts on 15 Calculate the net filtra#on pressure for your pa#ent given the following values. Show your work. (Not all values listed may be used). - Colloid osmo#c pressure = 25 - Capsular pressure= 15 - Hydrosta#c pressure = 50 - GFR= 120 = HP - (COP+CP) = 50 - (25+15) = 10 mmHg (Outgoing forces – incoming forces) HP- (COP + Capsular pressure) 50mmHg - (25mmHg +15mmHg)) = 10mmHg (net outward pressure) Your Answer: Ques!on 16 5 / 5 pts Describe in detail how the kidney controls its own rate of blood flow through the nephron. through the glomerular capsule and renal tubule This is called renal autoregula!on because the kidney determines its own rate of blood flow by controlling the diameter of the afferent and efferent arterioles. By means of this autoregulatory system, the kidney can maintain a constant GFR despite varia!ons in the arterial blood pressure in the rest of the body. Ques! 2.5 / 2.5 pts on 17 Which of the following statements is true concerning the RAA system? It responds when blood pressure becomes too high. Angiotensinogen is a pre-enzyme produced by the adrenal glands. Renin is released by the cells inside the nephron. Correct! Renin causes dila#on of the afferent and efferent arterioles. Angiotensin I is converted to angiotensin II in the liver. Ques!on 18 2.5 / 2.5 pts The greatest amount of reabsorp#on occurs in the: Glomerular capsule DCT Descending loop Ascending loop PCT Correct! Ques! 2.5 / 2.5 pts on 19 True or False: In the loop of Henle, water can leave the descending limb but not the ascending limb. True Correct! False Ques! 2.5 / 2.5 pts on 20 Which of the following is false concerning ADH? ADH is produced by the hypothalamus. ADH is produced in response to dehydra#on condi#ons. ADH retains up to 99% of water in the filtrate. ADH does not respond during severe blood loss. Correct! Your Answer: Ques!on 21 4 / 4 pts What is countercurrent flow? How does the nephron use this to maintain homeostasis? it is the movement of fluids in opposite direc#ons of channels. Countercurrent flow is the movement of fluids in opposite direc!ons through adjacent channels. In the nephron, filtrate flows in one direc!on through the renal tubules while blood in the adjacent blood vessels flows in the opposite direc!on. Your Answer: Ques! 3 / 3 pts on 22 Describe the ac#on of aldosterone on the concentra#ons of sodium and potassium in the filtrate. increases sodium absorp#on and potassium secre#on Sodium is pumped out of the filtrate to be returned to the blood while potassium (K+) is excreted in urine. Your Answer: Ques! 3 / 3 pts on 23 Describe the ac#on of alcohol on urinary output. inhibits the release of ADH which speeds up the flow of urine Alcohol is a type of diure!c that inhibits the release of ADH. Ques!on 24 0 / 2 pts Which of the following is true concerning cardiovascular baroreceptors? They are mechanoreceptors found in the aor#c arch and caro#d sinus. Correct Answer They are in the lungs and the kidneys. You Answered These are chemoreceptors found in the hypothalamus. They are regulated by the hypoglossal and spinal accessory cranial nerves. Ques! 2 / 2 pts on 25 Yellow color in urine is due to the presence of: Pus Rhubarb Asparagus Urochrome Correct! Fruit Ques!on 26 2 / 2 pts Water in the body is primarily found in what body compartment? Extracellular Intracellular Correct! Inters##al Plasma Synovial joints Ques! 2 / 2 pts on 27 Urine with a pH of 9.0 is: within normal range; acidic within normal range; alkaline outside normal range; acidic outside normal range; alkaline Correct! within normal range; neutral Ques! 2 / 2 pts on 28 Submission Details: Time: 52 minutes Current Score: 93 out of 100 Kept Score: 93 out of 100 Home Modules Grades Account Ac#vity Courses Calendar Inbox History Student Dashboard Help This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :28:15 GMT -06:00 Ques! 2 / 2 pts on 28 The chemical buffer systems: are slow ac#ng, generally taking several hours to respond. includes the bicarbonate, phosphate and protein systems. Correct! can remove acids and bases from the body. remove carbon dioxide from the body. all the above are true of the chemical buffer systems Your Answer: Ques!on 29 5 / 5 pts A person is hyperven#la#ng. This falls under what control mechanism? Explain what hyperven#la#on accomplishes. the brainstem controls the respiratory rate depending on the level of CO2 in the blood. Hyperven#la#on increases the respiratory rate in order to remove CO2. Respiratory control- Hyperven!la!on is an increase in the respiratory rate, helping to remove addi!onal CO . Within minutes increasing amounts of CO is removed. Removing CO uses up H+ causes the pH to rise (becomes more alkaline) and restores correct blood pH. (Op!onal) this reac!on shi#s to the le#: CO + H O ↔ H CO ↔ H+ + HCO 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 - Your Answer: Ques! 5 / 5 pts on 30 What control mechanism can remove acids and bases from the body? renal control Renal control (Kidneys) Your Answer: Ques! 10 / 10 pts on 31 Your pa#ent was just admi!ed to the hospital with renal failure. For the following ques#ons, use the blood values of: pH =7.1, PCO = 30 mm, HCO = 20 mEq/L A. Determine if the pa#ent is in acidosis or alkalosis. B. Is the cause respiratory or metabolic? C. Is the condi#on being compensated? D. If compensated, what is the body doing to compensate? 2 3 - a. acidosis b. metabolic c. yes d. hyperven#la#on A. Acidosis (7.35) B. Metabolic (HCO 22) C. Yes (PCO 35) D. Hyperven!la!on to increase CO2 elimina!on 3 - 2 Quiz Score: 93 out of 100 "Previous Next# This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :28:15 GMT -06:00