Chapter 1 Microbiology Test bank

1) Microorganisms are involved in each of the following processes EXCEPT A) infection. B) decomposition of organic material. C) O2 production. D) food production. E) smog production. D. Mushroom 2) Each of the following organisms would be considered a microbe EXCEPT A) yeast. B) protozoan. C) bacterium. D) mushroom. E) virus. 00:40 01:35 D. Pathogen 3) The term used to describe a disease-causing microorganism is A) microbe. B) bacterium. C) virus. D) pathogen. E) infection. E. riboflavin, acetone and insulin 4) Common commercial benefits of microorganisms include synthesis of A) riboflavin. B) acetone. C) insulin. D) aspirin. E) riboflavin, acetone and insulin. A. enzymes 5) Commercial utilization of microbial products has become increasingly popular due to their environmentally friendly nature. Production of these products which are readily degraded and, thus, non-toxic typically utilizes A) enzymes. B) organic acids. C) organic solvents. D) soap. E) alcohol. D. Carolus Linnaeus 6) The formal system for classifying and naming organisms was developed by A) Robert Koch. B) Ignaz Semmelweis. C) Aristotle. D) Carolus Linnaeus. E) Louis Pasteur. Trichoderma fungus Enzymes used to soften and fade denim by digesting some of the cellulose in cotton Gluconacetobacter xylinus Cotton production: Mushroom peroxidase Bleaching method safer than chlorine and can be easily removed from fabric and wastewater by enzymes Escherichia coli Pseudomonas putida a gene from the soil bacterium that converts the bacterial by product indole to indigo when this bacteria is added. polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) use to make plastic C. species 7) In the name Staphylococcus aureus, aureus is the A) genus. B) domain name. C) species. D) kingdom. E) family name. 00:00 Upgrade to remove ads Only $35.99/year B. a nucleus 8) A prokaryotic cell may possess each of the following cellular components EXCEPT A) flagella. B) a nucleus. C) ribosomes. D) a cell wall. E) a cell membrane. A. organelles 9) Which of the following is NOT associated with viruses? A) organelles B) nucleic acid C) envelope D) chemical reactions E) protein coat Bacteria Prokaryotes "Prenucleus" Single-celled Peptidoglycan cell walls Divide via binary fission Derive nutrition from organic or inorganic chemicals or photosynthesis Archaea (ar-KE-ah) Prokaryotes Lack peptidoglycan cell walls Often live in extreme environments Include: Methanogens Extreme halophiles Extreme thermophiles Fungi Eukaryotes Distinct nucleus Chitin cell walls Absorb organic chemicals for energy Yeasts are unicellular Molds and mushrooms are multicellular Molds consist of masses of mycelia, which are composed of filaments called hyphae Protozoa Eukaryotes Absorb or ingest organic chemicals May be motile via pseudopods, cilia, or flagella Free-living or parasitic (derive nutrients from a living host) Algae Eukaryotes Cellulose cell walls Found in freshwater, saltwater, and soil Use photosynthesis for energy Produce oxygen and carbohydrates Viruses Acellular Consist of DNA or RNA core Core is surrounded by a protein coat Coat may be enclosed in a lipid envelope