UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN
UCD SCHOOL OF ENGLISH, DRAMA AND FILM
Assessment Submission Form
Name (block caps): ________________________________Student Number:__________________
Stage: _____ Please tick Erasmus JYA Int. Exchange Part-time
Module Co-ordinator: ____________________________
Class Leader:_______________________
Module Code and Title:
Date due: Date submitted (hard copy): _____
Required word count:
(if specified) ________________ Actual word count:_____________
Brightspace COPY UPLOADED [Please Tick]:
I declare that all material in this assessment is my own work except where there is clear
acknowledgement and appropriate reference to the work of others, and that the information given above
is accurate.
SIGNED: _______________________________________ (Please keep a copy of your assignment)
Signed: ___________________________________________ (Please keep a copy of your
COMMENTS:
assessment) “Works Cited” and “Works Cited” and/or “Intext Citation” missing
“Intext Citation” complete (deduct one grade point)
(where required)
GRADE __________ Date: ________________ Signed ______
(incorporating any ‘Works Cited’ penalty) Attendance at Writing Clinic or other writing-support service advised
In order to improve future assessments, you should pay closer attention to the following areas of performance:
AREAS FOR IMPROVEMENT Urgently Clearly Would benefit Already strong
(as signaled in the work submitted here) needs work needs work from further work
Knowledge and comprehension of subject matter
Organization and structure of argument
Power of critical analysis
Evidence of independent / original thinking
Use of supporting evidence
Style and fluency of expression
Presentation (including citation, grammar,
spelling, punctuation and lay-out)
, Balemans-Højberg 1
Cecilie Balemans-Højberg
Assoc. Prof. Rebecca Stephenson
Apocalypse Then: Old Eng. Lit. (ENG31960)
13 December 2021
Vikings and the Apocalypse in Old English Literature
The word Apocalypse is rooted in the Greek words αποκαλυπτω, apokalypto, and
αποκαλυψισ, apokalypsis, which mean “to uncover, reveal, lay bare or disclose” something, often
concerning the coming of the End Times (Corcoran 63). As previously mentioned, the word
Apocalypse refers to any kind of revelation or disclosure. Still, more generally, an Apocalypse is “a
disaster resulting in drastic, irreversible damage to human society or the environment, esp[ecially]
on a global scale” (“Apocalypse”). The term Apocalypse, or revelation, can also refer to the Bible,
where Revelation is the name of the book in the New Testament, in which St John is granted a
vision of the future where “the Second Coming of Christ and ultimate destruction of the world” are
revealed to him. (“Apocalypse”).
That being said, it is hard to tell what the book Revelation is meant to tell us; is it supposed
to be a prophecy, or is it an allegory for the struggles of mankind (Dinkova-Bruun 236). Because no
one knew when the End Times would be upon them, people started to become anxious towards
1000 A.D. about the reckoning of time (Duncan 16). Especially with events like Viking raids
happening during that time, it did seem like the world was indeed ending (Duncan 21). Although
people responded to the Viking invasion in a multitude of ways, there often appeared to be a divine
element surrounding the Vikings as they were “associated with God’s wrath and the approaching
last days” (Duncan 19). While both Wulfstan’s Sermo Lupi Ad Anglos and The Battle of Maldon use
the Apocalypse as a way to respond to the Viking invasion, they seem to do so in different ways.
Wulfstan notes that the Apocalypse will come through the Vikings as a form of divine retribution
UCD SCHOOL OF ENGLISH, DRAMA AND FILM
Assessment Submission Form
Name (block caps): ________________________________Student Number:__________________
Stage: _____ Please tick Erasmus JYA Int. Exchange Part-time
Module Co-ordinator: ____________________________
Class Leader:_______________________
Module Code and Title:
Date due: Date submitted (hard copy): _____
Required word count:
(if specified) ________________ Actual word count:_____________
Brightspace COPY UPLOADED [Please Tick]:
I declare that all material in this assessment is my own work except where there is clear
acknowledgement and appropriate reference to the work of others, and that the information given above
is accurate.
SIGNED: _______________________________________ (Please keep a copy of your assignment)
Signed: ___________________________________________ (Please keep a copy of your
COMMENTS:
assessment) “Works Cited” and “Works Cited” and/or “Intext Citation” missing
“Intext Citation” complete (deduct one grade point)
(where required)
GRADE __________ Date: ________________ Signed ______
(incorporating any ‘Works Cited’ penalty) Attendance at Writing Clinic or other writing-support service advised
In order to improve future assessments, you should pay closer attention to the following areas of performance:
AREAS FOR IMPROVEMENT Urgently Clearly Would benefit Already strong
(as signaled in the work submitted here) needs work needs work from further work
Knowledge and comprehension of subject matter
Organization and structure of argument
Power of critical analysis
Evidence of independent / original thinking
Use of supporting evidence
Style and fluency of expression
Presentation (including citation, grammar,
spelling, punctuation and lay-out)
, Balemans-Højberg 1
Cecilie Balemans-Højberg
Assoc. Prof. Rebecca Stephenson
Apocalypse Then: Old Eng. Lit. (ENG31960)
13 December 2021
Vikings and the Apocalypse in Old English Literature
The word Apocalypse is rooted in the Greek words αποκαλυπτω, apokalypto, and
αποκαλυψισ, apokalypsis, which mean “to uncover, reveal, lay bare or disclose” something, often
concerning the coming of the End Times (Corcoran 63). As previously mentioned, the word
Apocalypse refers to any kind of revelation or disclosure. Still, more generally, an Apocalypse is “a
disaster resulting in drastic, irreversible damage to human society or the environment, esp[ecially]
on a global scale” (“Apocalypse”). The term Apocalypse, or revelation, can also refer to the Bible,
where Revelation is the name of the book in the New Testament, in which St John is granted a
vision of the future where “the Second Coming of Christ and ultimate destruction of the world” are
revealed to him. (“Apocalypse”).
That being said, it is hard to tell what the book Revelation is meant to tell us; is it supposed
to be a prophecy, or is it an allegory for the struggles of mankind (Dinkova-Bruun 236). Because no
one knew when the End Times would be upon them, people started to become anxious towards
1000 A.D. about the reckoning of time (Duncan 16). Especially with events like Viking raids
happening during that time, it did seem like the world was indeed ending (Duncan 21). Although
people responded to the Viking invasion in a multitude of ways, there often appeared to be a divine
element surrounding the Vikings as they were “associated with God’s wrath and the approaching
last days” (Duncan 19). While both Wulfstan’s Sermo Lupi Ad Anglos and The Battle of Maldon use
the Apocalypse as a way to respond to the Viking invasion, they seem to do so in different ways.
Wulfstan notes that the Apocalypse will come through the Vikings as a form of divine retribution
