NUR2502 Exam 1
Review
BREAST CANCER:
RISK FACTORS:
- Lifestyle (overweight, alcohol, smoking)
- Early menarche
- Late menopause
- Nulliparity
- Never breast feeding
- Dense breast tissue
- Genetics (sister, mother, grandmother, aunt)
- BRCA 1 or 2
- Increased age
SCREENINGS:
- 40-45 begin annual mammograms until about 60 ever 2 years
DIAGNOSIS:
- Biopsy
TOXIC SHOCK: internal staph infection from foreign objects that stay in too long
PREVENTION:
- Wash hands
- Pads especially at night
- Change tampons every 3-6 hours
- No contraceptive sponges/diaphragms: use condoms
SIGNS:
- Sudden onset of high fever, hypotension, nausea, vomiting, GI upset, skin rash that looks like a
sunburn/peeling
- Eventual neuromuscular disorders (twitching)
- Increased liver enzymes
- “They look sick”
SITUATION QUESTION
- Female age 38 complains of heavy periods and irregular bleeding
o What do we order/what is the sequence of events?
▪ pelvic exam by provider to determine the bleeding source
▪ CBC
▪ Iron level
• CBC comes back and low hemoglobin do an ULTRASOUND or CT
image to see if there is a mass causing abnormal bleeding
o If a mass is found Dx do a biopsy to determine if cancerous
or a fibroid
- What would PRIORITY be with irregular bleeding and heavy periods?
o Circulation!!! (ABCs ALWAYS, and since it is not an airway issue… CIRCULATION!)
▪ Bleeding a lot look anemic pale, fatigue, dizziness, etc.
▪ If anemic: worry about FALLS & syncope (passing out)
FIBROID S&S:
- Heavy bleeding
- Pain depending on location of fibroid
- Dyspareunia (painful sex)
- Pressure/cramping *
- Abdominal distention*
- Urinary/bowel changes depending on location/size of fibroid
OVARIAN CANCER S&S:
- Vague abdominal symptoms (Hard to diagnose)
- Weight loss
Review
BREAST CANCER:
RISK FACTORS:
- Lifestyle (overweight, alcohol, smoking)
- Early menarche
- Late menopause
- Nulliparity
- Never breast feeding
- Dense breast tissue
- Genetics (sister, mother, grandmother, aunt)
- BRCA 1 or 2
- Increased age
SCREENINGS:
- 40-45 begin annual mammograms until about 60 ever 2 years
DIAGNOSIS:
- Biopsy
TOXIC SHOCK: internal staph infection from foreign objects that stay in too long
PREVENTION:
- Wash hands
- Pads especially at night
- Change tampons every 3-6 hours
- No contraceptive sponges/diaphragms: use condoms
SIGNS:
- Sudden onset of high fever, hypotension, nausea, vomiting, GI upset, skin rash that looks like a
sunburn/peeling
- Eventual neuromuscular disorders (twitching)
- Increased liver enzymes
- “They look sick”
SITUATION QUESTION
- Female age 38 complains of heavy periods and irregular bleeding
o What do we order/what is the sequence of events?
▪ pelvic exam by provider to determine the bleeding source
▪ CBC
▪ Iron level
• CBC comes back and low hemoglobin do an ULTRASOUND or CT
image to see if there is a mass causing abnormal bleeding
o If a mass is found Dx do a biopsy to determine if cancerous
or a fibroid
- What would PRIORITY be with irregular bleeding and heavy periods?
o Circulation!!! (ABCs ALWAYS, and since it is not an airway issue… CIRCULATION!)
▪ Bleeding a lot look anemic pale, fatigue, dizziness, etc.
▪ If anemic: worry about FALLS & syncope (passing out)
FIBROID S&S:
- Heavy bleeding
- Pain depending on location of fibroid
- Dyspareunia (painful sex)
- Pressure/cramping *
- Abdominal distention*
- Urinary/bowel changes depending on location/size of fibroid
OVARIAN CANCER S&S:
- Vague abdominal symptoms (Hard to diagnose)
- Weight loss
