NUR2502 Exam 1 Focused Review
Therapeutic communication
Remember your ABCs
Dosage and Calculation
Uterine leiomyoma
o Also called fibroids or myomas
o Benign slow growing solid tumors of uterine myometrium (muscle layer)
o Happens during childbearing years
o Growth may be stimulated by estrogen, progesterone, or growth hormone.
o Key symptom is often heavy vaginal bleeding
o Assess pelvic pressure, elimination patterns, abdomen size, dyspareunia (painful
intercourse) , infertility
o Manage bleeding
Nonsurgical management
o Surgical management
MRI focused ultrasound-heat to tumor
Uterine artery embolization – starves tumor of circulation allowing it to
shrink
Myomectomy – laser removal
Hysterectomy
o Diagnostic testing:
CBC – iron deficiency anemia from heavy bleeding
Pregnancy test to rule out cause of uterine enlargement
Transvaginal ultrasound – able to see if fibroid is protruding into uterine
cavity
Erectile dysfunction- causes, treatment
o AKA “impotence”
o Inability to achieve or maintain erection for sexual intercourse
o Testing: History / serum hormone levels / Doppler ultrasonography test
o Risk factor is a stroke
o Causes can be circulation and BP. Heart disease, high BP, diabetes.
o Medications:
Teach about vasodilation effects (Do not take with nitrates)
Phosphodiesterase- 5 (PDE-5) inhibitors = it relaxes smooth muscles in
corpora cavernosa to increase blood flow to penis.
Vacuum constriction device
Injections with vasodilating drugs
Penile implants (protheses)
Education related to treatment for HPV/cervical cancer
, Breast cancer- preventative screenings, risk factors, diagnostic tests
- Impaired cellular regulation
Disease in which cells in the breast grow out of control. Can begin in different parts of
breast.
Risk Factors
- Increased age- primary risk factor for both men and women
- Family History
- Early Menarche
- Nulliparity
- Late menopause
- Lack of breastfeeding
- Postmenopausal HRT
- Alcohol consumption
- Mutation in BRCA1 and BRCA2
Symptoms & Signs
- Lump in breast
- Bloody discharge from nipple
- Changes In shape or texture of the nipple of breast
- Inverted nipples
- Redness or swollen lymph nodes
- Peau orange (looks like an orange) (Late phase)
Treatment
o Nonsurgical management – Complementary & integrative health- i=vitamins,
diets, herbal therapy most commonly used.
o Surgical management – Lumpectomy, partial mastectomy, total mastectomy,
modified radical mastectomy
o Adjuvant therapy – radiation, chemotherapy, or combinations/ Drug therapy, stem
cell transplantation.
Preventative
Doing self-breast exams
Diagnostic exams
o Mammography
Therapeutic communication
Remember your ABCs
Dosage and Calculation
Uterine leiomyoma
o Also called fibroids or myomas
o Benign slow growing solid tumors of uterine myometrium (muscle layer)
o Happens during childbearing years
o Growth may be stimulated by estrogen, progesterone, or growth hormone.
o Key symptom is often heavy vaginal bleeding
o Assess pelvic pressure, elimination patterns, abdomen size, dyspareunia (painful
intercourse) , infertility
o Manage bleeding
Nonsurgical management
o Surgical management
MRI focused ultrasound-heat to tumor
Uterine artery embolization – starves tumor of circulation allowing it to
shrink
Myomectomy – laser removal
Hysterectomy
o Diagnostic testing:
CBC – iron deficiency anemia from heavy bleeding
Pregnancy test to rule out cause of uterine enlargement
Transvaginal ultrasound – able to see if fibroid is protruding into uterine
cavity
Erectile dysfunction- causes, treatment
o AKA “impotence”
o Inability to achieve or maintain erection for sexual intercourse
o Testing: History / serum hormone levels / Doppler ultrasonography test
o Risk factor is a stroke
o Causes can be circulation and BP. Heart disease, high BP, diabetes.
o Medications:
Teach about vasodilation effects (Do not take with nitrates)
Phosphodiesterase- 5 (PDE-5) inhibitors = it relaxes smooth muscles in
corpora cavernosa to increase blood flow to penis.
Vacuum constriction device
Injections with vasodilating drugs
Penile implants (protheses)
Education related to treatment for HPV/cervical cancer
, Breast cancer- preventative screenings, risk factors, diagnostic tests
- Impaired cellular regulation
Disease in which cells in the breast grow out of control. Can begin in different parts of
breast.
Risk Factors
- Increased age- primary risk factor for both men and women
- Family History
- Early Menarche
- Nulliparity
- Late menopause
- Lack of breastfeeding
- Postmenopausal HRT
- Alcohol consumption
- Mutation in BRCA1 and BRCA2
Symptoms & Signs
- Lump in breast
- Bloody discharge from nipple
- Changes In shape or texture of the nipple of breast
- Inverted nipples
- Redness or swollen lymph nodes
- Peau orange (looks like an orange) (Late phase)
Treatment
o Nonsurgical management – Complementary & integrative health- i=vitamins,
diets, herbal therapy most commonly used.
o Surgical management – Lumpectomy, partial mastectomy, total mastectomy,
modified radical mastectomy
o Adjuvant therapy – radiation, chemotherapy, or combinations/ Drug therapy, stem
cell transplantation.
Preventative
Doing self-breast exams
Diagnostic exams
o Mammography
