NURS 231: Pathophysiology Module 3 Test
Explain the challenges of diagnosing autoimmune disorders
(ANS- There are over 80 identified, many with overlapping presentations. Many
manifestations are nonspecific and are seen in other non-autoimmune diseases.
Blood testing isn't perfect either, as some tests are more generic and can be
elevated in the presence of other diseases.
Which type of immunity is characterized by the development of a specific response
to an antigen?
(ANS- Adaptive immunity
What allows the lymphocyte to differentiate between self and foreign molecules?
(ANS- Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule
T lymphocytes produce what type of immunity
(ANS- Cell- Mediated
Which immunoglobulin passes immune factors from the mother to the fetus?
(ANS- IgG
Which cell type is an early responder and the most abundant in the body?
(ANS- Neutrophils
Which is NOT finding consistent with Graves' disease?
(ANS- Hypothyroidism
, A 9-year-old boy with a peanut allergy was exposed to peanuts. He presents to the
emergency room with an anaphylactic reaction. (1) What symptoms might he
present with? (2) Does the quantity of exposure mean he will have a more severe
reaction? (3) What is the initial immediate treatment? (4) What are 2 things people
with anaphylaxis should always carry?
(ANS- (1) Any of the following reactions are accepted.
Grade I: erythema and urticaria, with or without angioedema.
Grade II: hypotension, tachycardia, dyspnea, and GI manifestations, like nausea,
vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal cramping from mucosal edema.
Grade III: bronchospasm, cardiac dysrhythmias, and cardiac collapse.
Grade IV: cardiac arrest
(2) No
(3) Epinephrine
(4) identification about allergy, EpiPen
True or False:
Following a heart attack, the area of the heart muscle that has undergone necrosis
because of lack of blood supply will heal by scar tissue replacement.
(ANS- True
Which of the following is an incorrect pairing of a classic manifestation of acute
inflammation with its corresponding cause?
(ANS- Dolar- inflammatory cells infiltrating sensory nerves.
In acute inflammation, Dolar is pain and caused by increased hydrostatic pressure
in tissues and by chemical mediators.
Explain the challenges of diagnosing autoimmune disorders
(ANS- There are over 80 identified, many with overlapping presentations. Many
manifestations are nonspecific and are seen in other non-autoimmune diseases.
Blood testing isn't perfect either, as some tests are more generic and can be
elevated in the presence of other diseases.
Which type of immunity is characterized by the development of a specific response
to an antigen?
(ANS- Adaptive immunity
What allows the lymphocyte to differentiate between self and foreign molecules?
(ANS- Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule
T lymphocytes produce what type of immunity
(ANS- Cell- Mediated
Which immunoglobulin passes immune factors from the mother to the fetus?
(ANS- IgG
Which cell type is an early responder and the most abundant in the body?
(ANS- Neutrophils
Which is NOT finding consistent with Graves' disease?
(ANS- Hypothyroidism
, A 9-year-old boy with a peanut allergy was exposed to peanuts. He presents to the
emergency room with an anaphylactic reaction. (1) What symptoms might he
present with? (2) Does the quantity of exposure mean he will have a more severe
reaction? (3) What is the initial immediate treatment? (4) What are 2 things people
with anaphylaxis should always carry?
(ANS- (1) Any of the following reactions are accepted.
Grade I: erythema and urticaria, with or without angioedema.
Grade II: hypotension, tachycardia, dyspnea, and GI manifestations, like nausea,
vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal cramping from mucosal edema.
Grade III: bronchospasm, cardiac dysrhythmias, and cardiac collapse.
Grade IV: cardiac arrest
(2) No
(3) Epinephrine
(4) identification about allergy, EpiPen
True or False:
Following a heart attack, the area of the heart muscle that has undergone necrosis
because of lack of blood supply will heal by scar tissue replacement.
(ANS- True
Which of the following is an incorrect pairing of a classic manifestation of acute
inflammation with its corresponding cause?
(ANS- Dolar- inflammatory cells infiltrating sensory nerves.
In acute inflammation, Dolar is pain and caused by increased hydrostatic pressure
in tissues and by chemical mediators.
