NSG 5003 MIDTERM EXAM 2 – QUESTION AND
ANSWERS
MID TERM EXAM
What two types of hearing loss are associated with noise?
Question :
Student
Answer: Acoustic trauma and noise induced
High frequency and low frequency
High frequency and acoustic trauma
Noise induced and low frequency
Instructor Two types of hearing loss are associated with noise: (1) acoustic trauma or
Explanation: instantaneous damage caused by a single sharply rising wave of sound (e.g.,
gunfire), and (2) noise-induced hearing loss, the more common type, which is the
result of prolonged exposure to intense sound (e.g., noise associated with the
workplace and leisure-time activities). The remaining options are not related to
noise but rather to the amplitude of the sound.
Question 7 Question : A hypersensitivity reaction that produces an allergic response is called:
.
Student Answer:
Hemolytic shock
Anaphylaxis
Necrotizing vasculitis
Systemic erythematosus
Instructor Examples of systemic anaphylaxis are allergic reactions to beestings, peanuts,
Explanation: and fish. The other options are not accurate examples of hypersensitivity.
Question 8 Question : Which cytokine is produced and released from virally infected host
. cells?
Student
Answer: IL-1
, IL-10
Tumor necrosis factor–alpha (TNF-α)
Interferon-alpha (IFN-α)
Instructor Only interferons are produced and released by virally infected cells in response to
Explanation: viral double-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA). IFN-α and IFN-β induce the
production of antiviral proteins, thereby conferring protection on uninfected cells.
IFN-α or IFN-β is released from virally infected cells and attaches to a receptor on a
neighboring cell. IFNs also enhance the efficiency of developing an acquired
immune response.
Question 10 Question : Which T-lymphocyte phenotype is the key determinant of childhood
. asthma?
Student
Answer: CD4 helper T 1 (Th1) lymphocytes
CD4 helper T 2 (Th2) lymphocytes
CD8 cytotoxic T (Tc) lymphocytes
Memory T lymphocytes
Instructor Asthma develops because the Th2 response (in which CD4 helper T cells produce
Explanation: specific cytokines, such as IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) promotes an atopic and allergic
response in the airways. This selection is the only option that accurately identifies
the appropriate T-lymphocyte phenotype.
Question 12 Question : Some older adults have impaired inflammation and wound healing
. because of which problem?
Student Answer:
The circulatory system cannot adequately perfuse tissues.
Complement and chemotaxis are deficient.
Underlying chronic illnesses exist.
The number of mast cells is insufficient.
Instructor In some cases, impaired healing is not directly associated with aging, in general,
Explanation: but can instead be linked to a chronic illness such as cardiovascular disease or
diabetes mellitus. The other problems are not related to the aging process.
Question 13 Question : The role of cytokines in cell reproduction is that they:
.
ANSWERS
MID TERM EXAM
What two types of hearing loss are associated with noise?
Question :
Student
Answer: Acoustic trauma and noise induced
High frequency and low frequency
High frequency and acoustic trauma
Noise induced and low frequency
Instructor Two types of hearing loss are associated with noise: (1) acoustic trauma or
Explanation: instantaneous damage caused by a single sharply rising wave of sound (e.g.,
gunfire), and (2) noise-induced hearing loss, the more common type, which is the
result of prolonged exposure to intense sound (e.g., noise associated with the
workplace and leisure-time activities). The remaining options are not related to
noise but rather to the amplitude of the sound.
Question 7 Question : A hypersensitivity reaction that produces an allergic response is called:
.
Student Answer:
Hemolytic shock
Anaphylaxis
Necrotizing vasculitis
Systemic erythematosus
Instructor Examples of systemic anaphylaxis are allergic reactions to beestings, peanuts,
Explanation: and fish. The other options are not accurate examples of hypersensitivity.
Question 8 Question : Which cytokine is produced and released from virally infected host
. cells?
Student
Answer: IL-1
, IL-10
Tumor necrosis factor–alpha (TNF-α)
Interferon-alpha (IFN-α)
Instructor Only interferons are produced and released by virally infected cells in response to
Explanation: viral double-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA). IFN-α and IFN-β induce the
production of antiviral proteins, thereby conferring protection on uninfected cells.
IFN-α or IFN-β is released from virally infected cells and attaches to a receptor on a
neighboring cell. IFNs also enhance the efficiency of developing an acquired
immune response.
Question 10 Question : Which T-lymphocyte phenotype is the key determinant of childhood
. asthma?
Student
Answer: CD4 helper T 1 (Th1) lymphocytes
CD4 helper T 2 (Th2) lymphocytes
CD8 cytotoxic T (Tc) lymphocytes
Memory T lymphocytes
Instructor Asthma develops because the Th2 response (in which CD4 helper T cells produce
Explanation: specific cytokines, such as IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) promotes an atopic and allergic
response in the airways. This selection is the only option that accurately identifies
the appropriate T-lymphocyte phenotype.
Question 12 Question : Some older adults have impaired inflammation and wound healing
. because of which problem?
Student Answer:
The circulatory system cannot adequately perfuse tissues.
Complement and chemotaxis are deficient.
Underlying chronic illnesses exist.
The number of mast cells is insufficient.
Instructor In some cases, impaired healing is not directly associated with aging, in general,
Explanation: but can instead be linked to a chronic illness such as cardiovascular disease or
diabetes mellitus. The other problems are not related to the aging process.
Question 13 Question : The role of cytokines in cell reproduction is that they:
.
