Summary Grade A: A-Level Language Variation course notes

ove er 1 1




vervie
Printin and standardisation
The reat o e Shift
in a es i e
Renaissance


Printin
irst printer introd ced to ritain in 1 erchant i ia a ton
sta ished Printin press in est inster printed oo s in n ish inc din ha cer s anter r
Ta es
er ence of ass iterac and de and for iterat re ood Printin Press Prod ce
Renaissance oan ords


Standardisation of an a e pic in a dia ect and p nct ation s ste
ast id ands ia ect ( ondon) chosen as it as the ost presti io s and sed in
niversities trade centres and ad inistration
Richard P nson a ton s prot anted hancer Standard and printed in this
dia ect ith orthern feat res inc din rd person prono ns the the their
ost accessi e dia ect standardisation e an


o r sta es to Standardisation
1) Se ection choosin variet to for asis
) odification deve op a ritin s ste standardised spe in p nct ation
) a oration ne ords ra atica str ct res to fit for p rpose
) p e entation sin officia do ains deve op c rrenc (printin ) pride and
o at
Standardisation rad a process spe in inconsistent d rin period


istorica actors
iterac ore co on d rin period i strated increase in persona etters e
Paston etters
ncreased trave opport nities ore contact ith other c t res increased oan ords
enterin an a e
ncreased interest in earnin iterat re assica an and science creates
de ands on n ish re ired to descri e ne concepts
1 Sir a ter Ra ei h co onised Roano e spread of n ish to erica
rtho raph
thorn sed in restricted to hand ritin n printin no thorn so rep aced ith for
rapho o ica si i arities
e at e appear in printin in a reviated for s e t and as the on had
acess to standard ap ha et
s t o o ercase for s d rin s or i e and v enera r e here s sed

, in fina position and sed ever here e se
and v sti interchan ea e fo o in r e esta ished in ot nti 1 s here va es
distin ished ate 1 s vv sed as a ternative for
sed in p ace of i e po nt considered an a ternative for of i o on d rin
period to find in p ace of i
sed in n era s e vi Sta i ised in 1 s
appears in ord fina position in P ot nco on to find ie in e ver ositie and
orta riphie

caster
Richard caster p ished e entarie ords and spe in s to re arise n ish spe in
and inconsistent conventions
o e s spe ed ore predicta e o e vo e s on so nds soon
ina e sed diacritica for vo e en th
and v e an to sett e and sta i ise
apita isation ore conventiona to indicate na es i portant co on no ns
and e innin of sentences
rtho raph and spo en pron nciation diver es
Spe in ides e er e identif in ho ophones chi dren had to earn
vervie
irst p ished in 1
tte pt to a e n ish an a e and c t re ore respected and accessi e
n ish oo ed do n pon scho ars
caster hoped that n ish o d e reco nised scho ars




an ords fa i iar toda e ephant po der
one acco panied definitions ist cannot e strict c assified as a dictionar
n atte pt to or anise n ish an a e
isproved intense of the a the n ish rote
caster anted to set do n so e ritin r es s ch as sin an e to distin ish
et een ad and ade

caster did not rite a co prehensive dictionar

orn c 1 the head aster of erchant Ta ors Schoo in ondon


ina e
Sti present in te ts no ra atica f nction st decoration poore
iacritic stat s (chan es pron nciation) a so fo nd in P
ndicates en th of precedin vo e e hi e sore
onf sion in ords e ritten conventiona to i strate short vo e ith do e consonants

t o o ica Respe in
Spe in refor s co on in histor of n ish an a e
tte pts to respe e istin ords in a a that ref ects ori in histor fa se et o o ies
So e ords ref ected atin si ent raphe es e de t do t prono nced de it
and d i
So e ords respe ed to inc de si ent raphe e e s t e i itatin atin and ends
credi i it to ords

rapho o