NURSING 101Chapter 20: Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

The neural groove closes dorsally during which week of gestational life? a. Second c. Eighth b. Fourth d. Twelfth ANS: B During the fourth gestational week, the neural groove deepens, its folds develop laterally, and it closes dorsally to form the neural tube, epithelial tissue that ultimately becomes the central nervous system (CNS). The second week is too early, and the other options represent times periods after the groove closes. PTS: 1 REF: Page 660 2. Which nutritional deficiency in a pregnant woman is associated with neural tube defect (NTD)? a. Iron c. Zinc b. Vitamin C d. Folate ANS: D Maternal folate deficiency is associated with NTDs, but the specific mechanism that relates to how folate supplements prevent these anomalies is unknown. The other options are not thought to cause such a defect. PTS: 1 REF: Page 663 3. Which defect of neural tube closure is most common? a. Anterior c. Lateral b. Posterior d. Midline ANS: B Posterior defects are most common. The other options are not the most common. PTS: 1 REF: Page 663 4. What is the anomaly in which the soft bony component of the skull and much of the brain is missing? a. Anencephaly c. Cranial meningocele b. Myelodysplasia d. Hydrocephaly ANS: A