NUR 3145 Study Guide for Exam # 2 Pharmacology

Study Guide for Exam # 2 Pharmacology For each drug on the study guide it is important to know the:  Classification of the drug  mechanism of action  any specific information about that drug that might be different compared to others in that classification For all Drugs this semester :  General Principles about the classification of the drug and nursing care of a client receiving this drug  which should include any specific lab tests that must be monitored  patient assessment parameter that would be important and important teaching points  Book is helpful for these All basic principles of Antimicrobial therapy - Chapter 83 - these apply to all antibiotics and antimicrobials for viruses. 1. Selective Toxicity. p.1015  disrupt bacterial cell wall  inhibit bacterial enzymes  disrupt bacterial protein synthesis  selective toxicity is the ability of a drug to injure a target cell or target organism w/o injuring other cells or organisms that are in intimate contact w the target  as applied to antimicrobial drugs, selective toxicity indicates the ability of an antibiotic to kill or suppress microbial pathogens w/o causing injury to the host – it’s property that makes antibiotics valuable  differences in the cellular chemistry of mammals and microbes → achieving selective toxicity o there are biochemical processes critical to microbial well-being that do not take place in mammalian cells. hence, drugs that selectively interfere with these unique microbial processes can cause SERIOUS INJURY to microorganisms while leaving mammalian cells INTACT 2. Superinfection. p.1019  normal host flora o produce natural antibacterial substances o break down toxic agents  antibiotics o kill all o pathogens have room to grow