Ati Rn Comprehensive Exam B Focused Review-Study Guide 2021

Severe preeclampsia: • Blurred vision • Facial edema • Proteinuria TB Will take medications for 6 months • Diet should consist of good amount of iron, protein, and calories • No mask needed while in public Glomerulonephritis: • Proteinuria • Decreased GFR • Causes increased nitrates in the blood (not urine) Newborn apnea monitoring: • Remove leads when not monitoring • Avoid co-sleeping with baby • Do not adjust monitor • Make sure alarms can be heard throughout the house • Keep monitor outside of the crib Newborn cold stress: • Axillary temp under 36.5 (97.5) Uric acid calculi diet: • Oranges and other citric fruits • Avoid chicken and organ meats • Avoid alcohol Opioids: • Can cause urinary retention • Decrease in vision at night due to constriction of pupils (miosis) • Constipation Heparin: • Normal aPTT is 40 seconds • Therapeutic dose can increase aPTT to 60-80 seconds • Elevated aPTT- hold heparin Anemia: • Low hgb • Low hct • Dyspnea on exertion • Decreased exercise tolerance Oxygen toxicity: • Bradypnea- RR decreases because body perceives it has enough oxygen Misoprostol: • Reduces gastric acid secretions so ulcers can heal • Take pregnancy test prior to starting med (can cause uterine contractions) Prevention of pressure ulcers: • remind patient to shift weight in chair every 15 mins • place client in 30 degree lateral position to minimize pressure on sacral area • Avoid massaging bony prominences PICC lines: • Use alcohol to cleanse port • Prior to first use, confirm tip placement with a chest x-ray • flush with heparin after administering medications Blood glucose monitoring: • Use side of finger tip • wipe away first drop of blood • wash hands with soap and water prior to testing Newborn signs of effective breastfeeding: • Measuring wet diapers is adequate way of measuring input • 6-8 wet diapers a day is adequate • 15-3g/day weight gain after day 5 Non-weight bearing • use a 3 point gait • when going up stairs- advance unaffected leg first • wear rubber soled shoes when using crutches Reducing ICP: • raise HOB no more than 30 degrees • Provide quiet environment • spread out nursing activities to minimize fatigue • Only suction as needed Status epilepticus: • treat with diazepam (a benzo) • gabapentin, carbamazepine, and valproic acid are for long-term management Glucose control (low blood sugar): • 4 oz. of orange juice or 15 g of carbs • wait 15 min then recheck blood sugar • provide cheese and crackers (high protein snack) A fib: • presents with no P waves and narrow QRS complexes • irregular ventricular response • patient may c/o palpitations ......................................................................................CONTINUED